CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 161, ISSUE 1, P97-111, JANUARY 01, 2022

The Usefulness of the Rapid Shallow Breathing Index in Predicting Successful Extubation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Vatsal Trivedi, Dipayan Chaudhuri, Rehman Jinah, et al

Chest 2022; 161: 97-111

Background

Clinicians use several measures to ascertain whether individual patients will tolerate liberation from mechanical ventilation, including the rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI).

Research Question

Given varied use of different thresholds, patient populations, and measurement characteristics, how well does RSBI predict successful extubation?

Study Design and Methods

We searched six databases from inception through September 2019 and selected studies reporting the accuracy of RSBI in the prediction of successful extubation. We extracted study data and assessed quality independently and in duplicate.

Results

We included 48 studies involving RSBI measurements of 10,946 patients. Pooled sensitivity for RSBI of < 105 in predicting extubation success was moderate (0.83 [95% CI, 0.78-0.87], moderate certainty), whereas specificity was poor (0.58 [95% CI, 0.49-0.66], moderate certainty) with diagnostic ORs (DORs) of 5.91 (95% CI, 4.09-8.52). RSBI thresholds of < 80 or 80 to 105 yielded similar sensitivity, specificity, and DOR. These findings were consistent across multiple subgroup analyses reflecting different patient characteristics and operational differences in RSBI measurement.

Interpretation

As a stand-alone test, the RSBI has moderate sensitivity and poor specificity for predicting extubation success. Future research should evaluate its role as a permissive criterion to undergo a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) for patients who are at intermediate pretest probability of passing an SBT.

Trial Registry

PROSPERO; No.: CRD42020149196; URL: www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/