Research Open access Published: 18 July 2024 High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy versus non-invasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute-moderate hypercapnic respiratory failure: a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial Dingyu Tan, Bingxia Wang, Peng Cao, et al Critical Care volume 28, Article number: 250 (2024) Abstract Background Although cumulative studies have demonstrated a ben...

ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) ICU TOOLBOX TOPICAL COLLECTION OPEN ACCESS ~ Editorial Rethinking energy and protein provision for critically ill patients Stoppe C., Ridley E. J. and Lee Z. How to manage sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the critically ill patient? Garcia B., Ostermann M. and Legrand M. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ICU TOPICAL COLLECTION Editorial Artificial Intelligence interpretation of chest radiographs in intensive ...

ARTICLESVolume 23, Issue 10P973-1003October 2024Open Access Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 GBD 2021 Stroke Risk Factor Collaborators Lancet Neurol 2024; 23: 973-1003 Summary Background Up-to-date estimates of stroke burden and attributable risks and their trends at global, regional, and national levels are essential for evidence-based healt...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Preventability of Hospital Deaths in Patients With Non-Ventilator Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia Alexander M Tatara,  Anna Apostolopoulou,  Anna A Agan,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases 2024; 79: 1269-1276 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae418 Abstract Background Crude and adjusted mortality rates for patients with non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) are among the highest of all healthcare-as...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Clinical Subphenotypes of Staphylococcus aureusBacteremia  Maaike C Swets,  Zsuzsa Bakk,  Annette C Westgeest,  et al\ Clinical Infectious Diseases 2024; 79: 1153-1161 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae338 Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is a clinically heterogeneous disease. The ability to identify subgroups of patients with shared traits (subphenotypes) is an unmet...

Research Letter  Medical Journals and Publishing December 3, 2024 Use of Artificial Intelligence in Peer Review Among Top 100 Medical Journals Zhi-Qiang Li, Hui-Lin Xu, Hui-Juan Cao, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(12):e2448609. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.48609 Introduction The rapid growth of medical research publishing and preprint servers appears to be straining the peer review process, potential...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Influence of Antibiotic Exposure Intensity on the Risk of Clostridioides difficile Infection Michael J Ray,  Luke C Strnad,  Kendall J Tucker,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases 2024; 79: 1129-1135 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae259 Abstract Background Antibiotics are a strong risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), and CDI incidence is often measured as an important...

Wastewater monitoring of human and avian influenza A viruses in Northern Ireland: a genomic surveillance study Andrew J Lee, Stephen Carson, Marina I Reyne, et al Lancet Microbe 2024; 5: 100933 Summary Background Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are significant pathogens of humans and other animals. Although endemic in humans and birds, novel IAV strains can emerge, jump species, and cause epidemics, like the latest variant of H5N1. Wastewater-based epi...

Research Letter  Pediatrics December 4, 2024 Accuracy in Measurement of Infant Formula Powder and Water by Caregivers With and Without a Crying Baby Present Richard R. Rosenkranz, Chris Acosta, Ana Gonzalez-Alvarez, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(12):e2447362. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.47362 Introduction Infant formula provides a safe, nutritious alternative to breastfeeding but caregivers may use...

Rapid multiplex PCR panel for pneumonia in hospitalised patients with suspected pneumonia in the USA: a single-centre, open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial Abinash Virk, Angel P Strasburg, Kami D Kies, et al Lancet Microbe 2024; 5: 100928 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(24)00170-8 Summary Background The clinical utility of rapid multiplex respiratory specimen PCR panels for pneumonia for patients with suspected pneumonia is undefined. We...