Original Investigation  Prediction of Bacteremia and Bacterial Meningitis Among Febrile Infants Aged 28 Days or Younger Brett Burstein, Thomas Waterfield, Etimbuk Umana, et al JAMA Published Online: December 8, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.21454 Key Points Question  How accurately does a clinical prediction rule based on urinalysis, procalcitonin, and absolute neutrophil count identify febrile yo...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient Intraoperative Driving Pressure–Guided High PEEP vs Standard Low PEEP for Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Writing and Steering Committees for the DESIGNATION–Investigators JAMA Published Online: December 3, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.23373 Key Points Question  Do intraoperative driving pressure–guided high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recr...

Original Investigation  Sacubitril/Valsartan vs Enalapril in Heart Failure Due to Chagas Disease: An Open-Label, Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial Renato D. Lopes, Edimar Alcides Bocchi, Luis Eduardo Echeverría, et al JAMA Published Online: December 3, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.19808 Key Points Question  Are guideline-recommended treatments for heart failure (HF) effective and safe in pati...

Original Investigation  Surgery Surgical Low-Value Care Between Fee-For-Service and Salaried Health Care Systems Andrew J. Schoenfeld, Kaitlyn E. Holly, Madison N. Cirillo, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(12):e2546213. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.46213 Key Points Question  Is a health care system’s reimbursement model associated with provision of low-value surgical care? Findings  This coho...

Original Investigation  Infectious Diseases Seven-Day vs Four-Day Infusion Set Replacement Interval and Catheter-Related Infections Shalini Elangovan, Yiying Cai, Brett G. Mitchell, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(12):e2546398. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.46398 Key Points Question  Is adopting a 7-day infusion set replacement interval for catheter-related bloodstream infections cost-effective, without increasing infection risk, compared ...

Original Investigation  Critical Care Medicine Cost-Effectiveness of Pantoprazole to Prevent Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Feng Xie, Yifan Yao, Yue Ma, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(12):e2552771. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.52771 Key Points Question  Is daily intravenous pantoprazole cost-effective in preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in mechanically ventilated patients compared with no pa...

Original Investigation Caring for the Critically Ill Patient Levosimendan to Facilitate Weaning From ECMO in Patients With Severe Cardiogenic Shock: The LEVOECMO Randomized Clinical Trial Alain Combes, Ouriel Saura, Nicolas Nesseler, et al JAMA Published Online: December 1, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.19843 Key Points Question  In patients with severe but potentially reversible cardiogenic shock w...

Original Investigation  Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and Acute Respiratory Failure in Adolescents and Young Adults Fatemeh Ahmadi, Eric McArthur, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(11):e2545251. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.45251 Key Points Question  Is the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) associated with an increased 30-day risk of hospital visits for acute respira...

CLINICAL INVESTIGATION Phenylephrine Vs. Norepinephrine on the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System and Postoperative Complications in Acute Abdomen Emergency Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial Chen, Junda; Wang, Xinghe; Yin, Tianyu; et al Crit Care Med 2025; 53(12): e2629-e2641 DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000006912 Objectives:  This study aimed to explore how phenylephrine (PE) and norepinephrine (NE) affect renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RA...

Original Investigation  Pediatrics Hospital Admissions After Early-Onset Neonatal Bacterial Infection Management Guidelines in France Léna Paucard, Bérénice Varga, Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(11):e2545436. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.45436 Key Points Question  Were the 2017 French guidelines on early-onset neonatal bacterial infections (EONIs), which replaced systematic mic...