Editorial  Beyond Obstruction—A Milestone in COPD Diagnosis Francesca Polverino JAMA 2025;333;(24):2151-2153 doi:10.1001/jama.2025.6653 The landscape of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is changing rapidly. Thanks to long-term studies tracking lung function and the integration of advanced imaging and analytic tools, we now have a much deeper understanding of how COPD presents in different patients. The emergence of multiomic technologies ha...

A Multidimensional Diagnostic Approach for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPDGene 2025 Diagnosis Working Group and CanCOLD Investigators JAMA 2025;333;(24):2164-2175 doi:10.1001/jama.2025.7358 Key Points Question  Does incorporating chest computed tomographic imaging abnormalities and respiratory symptoms into the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnostic schema improve identification of individuals with poor respiratory outc...

Ventilation-Induced AKI in Acute Respiratory Failure In ICU Tue, 25 Mar 2025 Mechanical ventilation increases the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients, with studies indicating a three-fold higher risk compared to non-ventilated patients. The lung-kidney cross-talk during mechanical ventilation occurs through three primary mechanisms: (1) gas exchange abnormalities (hypoxaemia and hypercapnia) impair renal blood flow, (2) inflamm...

Original Investigation  May 14, 2025 Role of Preoperative Antibiotic Treatment While Awaiting Appendectomy: The PERFECT-Antibiotics Randomized Clinical Trial Karoliina Jalava, Ville Sallinen, Hanna Lampela, et al JAMA Surg. Published online May 14, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2025.1212 Key Points Question  Is waiting for surgery without antibiotic treatment noninferior to waiting with antibiotic ...

Editorial Is a “Fine Tuning” of the Flow Rate During High Flow Oxygen Therapy Clinically Relevant?: The Optimal Setting of High Flow Nasal Cannula Should Be Explored Further Alessandro Galazzi, Giacomo Grasselli Chest 2025; 167: 1257-1258 The clinical effects of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) include improvement of oxygenation, reduction of respiratory rate, inspiratory effort and dyspnea, amelioration of ventilation homogeneity and preservation of mucociliary...

Original Investigation  Medical Education May 14, 2025 Causes of Death Among US Medical Residents Nicholas A. Yaghmour, William E. Bynum IV, Frederic W. Hafferty, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(5):e259238. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9238 Key Points Question  Have causes of death for US medical residents and fellows changed between the periods of 2000 to 2014 and 2015 to 2021? Find...

Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle Compliance and Mortality In Sepsis Tue, 25 Mar 2025 Sepsis is a major cause of death and disability. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) aims to improve sepsis outcomes through the Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1), which hospitals must report compliance with. SEP-1, based on the Surviving Sepsis Campaign bundle, is linked to lower mortality rates.  CMS i...

Critical Care: Guidelines and Consensus Statements Use of Intravenous Albumin: A Guideline From the International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines Jeannie Callum, Nikolaos J. Skubas, Aarti Bathla, et al Chest 2024; 166: 321-338 Background Albumin is used commonly across a wide range of clinical settings to improve hemodynamics, to facilitate fluid removal, and to manage complications of cirrhosis. The International Collaboration for Transfu...

Invited Commentary  April 10, 2025 Olfactory Impairment and Mortality—The Crossroads of Neurodegeneration, Frailty, and Aging Nicholas R. Rowan JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online April 10, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2025.0161 Ruane and colleagues1 address a pressing and timely issue: the intersection of olfactory impairment (OI) and aging-related outcomes. While their focus is on OI and its association with mortality, this ...

What is the MINUTES Bundle?  In ICU Thu, 20 Mar 2025 The MINUTES bundle was discussed in one of the sessions @ISICEM in Brussels. The MINUTES bundle is a structured approach designed to guide healthcare professionals in the initial 30-minute management of patients presenting with undifferentiated circulatory shock. The acronym stands for Maintain ABCs, INfuse vasopressors and/or fluids, INvestigate, Ultrasound, Treat ...