Research Letter  September 23, 2022 Odds of Hospitalization for COVID-19 After 3 vs 2 Doses of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine by Time Since Booster Dose Jessica P. Ridgway, Samuel Tideman, Thomas French, et al JAMA. 2022;328(15):1559-1561. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.17811 Vaccination with a booster dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine has been associated with decreased risk of developing severe COVID-19 compared with no vaccination.1,2 However, among individuals alrea...

Clinical Subtypes in Sepsis Survivors The risk of late mortality in sepsis survivors can persist for years with high readmission rates and poor quality of life. However, due to an incomplete understanding of the relevant causal mechanisms of post-sepsis syndrome, there has been limited success in implementing preventive interventions.  The French and European Outcome Registry in Intensive Care Units (FROG-ICU) prospective, observational, multicentre study w...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 400, ISSUE 10360, P1334-1344, OCTOBER 15, 2022 Aqueous skin antisepsis before surgical fixation of open fractures (Aqueous-PREP): a multiple-period, cluster-randomised, crossover trial PREP-IT Investigators Lancet 2022; 400: 1334-1344 Summary Background Chlorhexidine skin antisepsis is frequently recommended for most surgical procedures; however, it is unclear if these recommendations should apply to surgery involving trau...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 400, ISSUE 10360, P1305-1320, OCTOBER 15, 2022 Severe COVID-19 outcomes after full vaccination of primary schedule and initial boosters: pooled analysis of national prospective cohort studies of 30 million individuals in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales Utkarsh Agrawal, Stuart Bedston, Colin McCowan, et al Lancet 2022; 400: 1305-1320 Summary Background Current UK vaccination policy is to offer future COVID-19...

ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) OriginalsPoor timing and failure of source control are risk factors for mortality in critically ill patients with secondary peritonitisDe Pascale G. et al. Development and validation of novel sepsis subphenotypes using trajectories of vital signsBhavani S.V. et al. OPEN ACCESSSmall wards in the ICU: a favorable measure for controlling the transmission of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniaeChi X. et al.High arterial oxygen levels ...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE FREE PREVIEW Percutaneous Revascularization for Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction Divaka Perera, Tim Clayton, Peter D. O’Kane, et al N Engl J Med 2022; 387:1351-1360DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2206606 Abstract BACKGROUND Whether revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can improve event-free survival and left ventricular function in patients with severe ischemic left ventricular systolic dysfunction, as compared with opti...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE FREE PREVIEW Trial of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Basilar-Artery Occlusion Chunrong Tao, Raul G. Nogueira, Yuyou Zhu, et al N Engl J Med 2022; 387:1361-1372DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2206317 Abstract BACKGROUND Data from trials investigating the effects and risks of endovascular thrombectomy for the treatment of stroke due to basilar-artery occlusion are limited. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled t...

Gram Stain-Guided Antibiotic Therapy in Patients With VAP The increase of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms in ICUs is a well-recognised threat. Due to a lack of development of new pharmaceutical agents, there are now only a few antibiotics that are effective against these organisms. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also highlighted the need to develop a global action plan to address antimicrobial resistance and optimise the use of antibiotic age...

CHEST INFECTIONS: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 162, ISSUE 4, P782-791, OCTOBER 01, 2022 Smartphone-Guided Self-prone Positioning vs Usual Care in Nonintubated Hospital Ward Patients With COVID-19: A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial Garrett Rampon, Shijing Jia, Ritwick Agrawal, et al Chest 2022; 162: 782-791 Background Safe, effective, and easily implementable treatments that reduce the progression of respiratory failure in COVID-19 are urgent...

Editorial  October 26, 2022 Early Oxygen Supplementation After Resuscitation From Cardiac Arrest Jonathan Elmer, Francis X. Guyette JAMA. Published online October 26, 2022. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.18620 Supplemental oxygen administration was first noted to correct signs and symptoms of hypoxic respiratory failure more than a century ago.1,2 Since that time, oxygen has become one of the most widely administered therapeutic interventions in ...