Editorial  Moving the Field Forward to Safely Do Less With Febrile Neonates Justin B. Searns, Sean T. O’Leary JAMA Published Online: December 8, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.23133 Newborns with suspected infections are a common source of anxiety for pediatricians.1,2 As the adage goes, “never trust a newborn,” and for good reason. Young infants are immunologically vulnerable and at risk for rapid progression of bacterial infections during their postnata...

Federated LLMs Advance Adverse Drug Reaction Prediction  In ICU Sat, 13 Sep 2025 Adverse drug reactions remain a persistent threat to patient safety, ranging from mild discomfort to life-threatening events. Surveillance data underlines the scale of the problem, with large volumes of serious events reported and substantial mortality recorded alongside the growing complexity of modern pharmacotherapy. At the same time, the most informative clinical ...

Original Investigation  Prediction of Bacteremia and Bacterial Meningitis Among Febrile Infants Aged 28 Days or Younger Brett Burstein, Thomas Waterfield, Etimbuk Umana, et al JAMA Published Online: December 8, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.21454 Key Points Question  How accurately does a clinical prediction rule based on urinalysis, procalcitonin, and absolute neutrophil count identify febrile yo...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient Intraoperative Driving Pressure–Guided High PEEP vs Standard Low PEEP for Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Writing and Steering Committees for the DESIGNATION–Investigators JAMA Published Online: December 3, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.23373 Key Points Question  Do intraoperative driving pressure–guided high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recr...

ABCDEF-MT: Music Therapy and ICU Liberation In ICU Thu, 24 Jul 2025 ICU Management & Practice, Volume 25 - Issue 3, 2025 Music therapy’s (MT) integration into the ICU liberation bundle is underexplored. We highlight existing literature, present vignettes illustrating MT in action, and offer recommendations to optimise ICU MT across the lifespan.  Introduction The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Liberation Bundle (A-F) is a comprehensive se...

Original Investigation  Sacubitril/Valsartan vs Enalapril in Heart Failure Due to Chagas Disease: An Open-Label, Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial Renato D. Lopes, Edimar Alcides Bocchi, Luis Eduardo Echeverría, et al JAMA Published Online: December 3, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.19808 Key Points Question  Are guideline-recommended treatments for heart failure (HF) effective and safe in pati...

Original Investigation  Surgery Surgical Low-Value Care Between Fee-For-Service and Salaried Health Care Systems Andrew J. Schoenfeld, Kaitlyn E. Holly, Madison N. Cirillo, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(12):e2546213. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.46213 Key Points Question  Is a health care system’s reimbursement model associated with provision of low-value surgical care? Findings  This coho...

Association Between Ventilator-Associated Events and Mortality In ICU Wed, 10 Sep 2025 In 2013, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) introduced ventilator-associated events (VAEs) as a surveillance-based quality indicator for monitoring respiratory complications in mechanically ventilated patients. VAEs are defined by sustained increases in PEEP or FiO₂, regardless of underlying pathology, ...

Original Investigation  Infectious Diseases Seven-Day vs Four-Day Infusion Set Replacement Interval and Catheter-Related Infections Shalini Elangovan, Yiying Cai, Brett G. Mitchell, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(12):e2546398. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.46398 Key Points Question  Is adopting a 7-day infusion set replacement interval for catheter-related bloodstream infections cost-effective, without increasing infection risk, compared ...

Original Investigation  Critical Care Medicine Cost-Effectiveness of Pantoprazole to Prevent Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Feng Xie, Yifan Yao, Yue Ma, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(12):e2552771. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.52771 Key Points Question  Is daily intravenous pantoprazole cost-effective in preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in mechanically ventilated patients compared with no pa...