Research Letter  Climate Change and Health December 21, 2023 Body Core Temperature After Foot Immersion and Neck Cooling in Older Adults Exposed to Extreme Heat Robert D. Meade, Emma R. McCourt, James J. McCormick, et al JAMA. Published online December 21, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.24417 As heat waves increase in regularity and severity, sustainable cooling interventions for preventing heat-related mortality and morbidity are needed.1&nb...

Original Investigation  January 21, 2024 Development and Validation of the Phoenix Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock L. Nelson Sanchez-Pinto, Tellen D. Bennett, Peter E. DeWitt, et al JAMA. Published online January 21, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0196 Key Points Question  What are the best-performing organ dysfunction–based criteria to implement the definition of sepsis and septic shock in children with suspected inf...

Original Investigation  November 29, 2023 Surgeon Sex and Health Care Costs for Patients Undergoing Common Surgical Procedures Christopher J. D. Wallis, Angela Jerath, Khatereh Aminoltejari, et al JAMA Surg. Published online November 29, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.6031 Key Points Question  Is there an association between surgeon sex and costs of surgical care? Findings  In this...

Original Investigation  August 23, 2023 Risk-Adjusted Cumulative Sum for Early Detection of Hospitals With Excess Perioperative Mortality Vivi W. Chen, Alexis P. Chidi, Yongquan Dong, et al JAMA Surg. 2023;158(11):1176-1183. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.3673 Key Points Question  Is use of the risk-adjusted cumulative sum (CUSUM) associated with improvement in early detection of hospitals with excess perioper...

Original Investigation  December 13, 2023 Medical Students’ Perspectives on Family Planning and Impact on Specialty Choice Ebernella Shirin Dason, Madalina Maxim, Dionne Gesink, et al JAMA Surg. Published online December 13, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.6392 Key Points Question  What are medical students’ perspectives about family planning within a medical career and do these perspectives affect their choice of specialty? F...

Original Investigation  December 13, 2023 Clinical Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury and Exposure to Extracranial Surgery: A TRACK-TBI Study Christopher J. Roberts, Jason Barber, Nancy R. Temkin, et al JAMA Surg. Published online December 13, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.6374 Key Points Question  Are functional and cognitive outcomes worse after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in those exposed to extracranial surgery and anes...

Original Investigation  December 18, 2023 Association Between Daily Toothbrushing and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Selina Ehrenzeller, Michael Klompas JAMA Intern Med. Published online December 18, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6638 Key Points Question  Is daily toothbrushing among hospitalized patients associated with prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia and improved objectiv...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 11, ISSUE 12, P1064-1074, DECEMBER 2023 Efficacy and safety of baricitinib or ravulizumab in adult patients with severe COVID-19 (TACTIC-R): a randomised, parallel-arm, open-label, phase 4 trial Frances C Hall, Joseph Cheriyan, Andrew P Cope, et al Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11: 1064-1074 Published: November 14, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00376-4 Summary Background From early in the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence suggested ...

ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) LATEST ARTICLES OPEN ACCESS ~ OriginalPrehospital high-dose methylprednisolone in resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients (STEROHCA): a randomized clinical trialObling L. E. R. et al. OriginalInflammatory subphenotypes in patients at risk of ARDS: evidence from the LIPS-A trialRedaelli S. et al. Identification of genetic profile and biomarkers involved in acute respiratory distress syndromeCao S. et al. Selective dige...

Original Investigation  AI in Medicine December 19, 2023 Measuring the Impact of AI in the Diagnosis of Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Clinical Vignette Survey Study Sarah Jabbour, David Fouhey, Stephanie Shepard, et al JAMA. 2023;330(23):2275-2284. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.22295 Key Points Question  How is diagnostic accuracy impacted when clinicians are provided artificial intelligence (AI) models with image-based AI model...