ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) LATEST ARTICLES OriginalA randomised controlled trial of a nurse facilitator to promote communication for family members of critically ill patientsKentish-Barnes N. et al A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of post-intensive care multidisciplinary consultations on mortality and the quality of life at 1 yearSharshar T. et al EditorialPromoting optimal physical rehabilitation in ICUEggmann S., Tavares Timenetsk...

Research Letter  April 1, 2024 Clinical Reasoning of a Generative Artificial Intelligence Model Compared With Physicians Stephanie Cabral, Daniel Restrepo, Zahir Kanjee, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online April 1, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0295 Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in clinical reasoning, but their ability to synthesize clinical encounter data into problem representa...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE A Randomized Trial of Intravenous Amino Acids for Kidney Protection Giovanni Landoni, Fabrizio Monaco, Lian Kah Ti, et al N Engl J Med Published June 12, 2024 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2403769 Abstract BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and common complication of cardiac surgery, for which reduced kidney perfusion is a key contributing factor. Intravenous amino acids increase kidney perfusion and recruit renal functional reser...

Original Investigation  Statistics and Research Methods April 26, 2024 Digital Health Interventions and Patient Safety in Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Artem Grygorian, Diego Montano, Mahdieh Shojaa, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e248555. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8555 Key Points Question  Can perioperative telemedicine reduce the incidence of adverse event...

Original Investigation  Anesthesiology April 23, 2024 Cognitive Training for Reduction of Delirium in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial Yu Jiang, Yanhu Xie, Panpan Fang, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e247361. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7361 Key Points Question  Does preoperative cognitive training reduce the incidence of delirium during recovery from cor...

Original Investigation  April 22, 2024 Associations Between Surrogate Markers and Clinical Outcomes for Nononcologic Chronic Disease Treatments Joshua D. Wallach, Samuel Yoon, Harry Doernberg, et al JAMA. Published online April 22, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4175 Key Points Question  What is the strength of association between surrogate markers used as primary end points in clinical trials to s...

April 19, 2024 Stewardship Prompts to Improve Antibiotic Selection for Urinary Tract Infection: The INSPIRE Randomized Clinical Trial Shruti K. Gohil, Edward Septimus, Ken Kleinman, et al JAMA. Published online April 19, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6259 Key Points Question  Can computerized provider order entry prompts that present patient-specific multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) risk estimates redu...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 5, ISSUE 4, E390-E399, APRIL 2024 Whole-genome characterisation of Escherichia coli isolates from patients with bacteraemia presenting with sepsis or septic shock in Spain: a multicentre cross-sectional study Natalia Maldonado, Inmaculada López-Hernández, Andrea García-Montaner, et al Lancet Microbe 2024; 5: E390-E399 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00369-5 Summary Background Escherichia coli is the most frequent cause...

Original Investigation  April 19, 2024 Stewardship Prompts to Improve Antibiotic Selection for Pneumonia: The INSPIRE Randomized Clinical Trial Shruti K. Gohil, Edward Septimus, Ken Kleinman, et al JAMA. Published online April 19, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6248 Key Points Question  Can computerized provider order entry (CPOE) prompts that provide patient-specific risk estimates for multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) reduce e...

Original Investigation  Emergency Medicine April 19, 2024 Shifts in Diagnostic Testing for Headache in the Emergency Department, 2015 to 2021 Dustin G. Mark, Brandon H. Horton, Mary E. Reed, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e247373. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7373 Key Points Question  Has the diagnostic evaluation of headache in the emergency department recently changed? Findings  In a cohort study of 21 emer...