Original Investigation  January 24, 2024 EMS Treatment Guidelines in Major Traumatic Brain Injury With Positive Pressure Ventilation Joshua B. Gaither, Daniel W. Spaite, Bentley J. Bobrow, et al JAMA Surg. 2024;159(4):363-372. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.7155 Key Points Question  Did implementation of the prehospital traumatic brain injury (TBI) evidence-based guidelines impact survival among patients with ...

Research Letter  April 8, 2024 Cardiac Function Before Sepsis and Clinical Outcomes Stuthi Iyer, Jason N. Kennedy, Jacob C. Jentzer, et al JAMA. 2024;331(17):1496-1499. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3917 Between 2009 and 2014, 21% of US adults with sepsis did not survive.1 Guidelines recommend urgent resuscitation of patients with sepsis, although the ideal treatment regimen is not clear2 and challenges to...

Original Investigation  Less Is More March 4, 2024 Clinical Outcomes of Rapid Respiratory Virus Testing in Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Tilmann Schober, Kimberly Wong, Gaëlle DeLisle, et al JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(5):528-536. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0037 Key Points Question  Is rapid testing for respiratory viruses associated with patient treatment in the emerge...

Original Investigation  May 6, 2024 Associations of Internal Medicine Residency Milestone Ratings and Certification Examination Scores With Patient Outcomes Bradley M. Gray, Jonathan L. Vandergrift, Jennifer P. Stevens, et al JAMA. Published online May 6, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.5268 Key Points Question  Internal medicine residents’ competency is evaluated with milestone ratings and the Amer...

Original Investigation  March 4, 2024 Complication Rates of Central Venous Catheters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Bijan Teja, Nicholas A. Bosch, Calvin Diep, et al JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(5):474-482. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8232 Key Points Question  What are the rates of complications from central venous catheter (CVC) use? Findings  This systematic review and meta-analysis...

Original Investigation  June 17, 2024 Povidone Iodine vs Chlorhexidine Gluconate in Alcohol for Preoperative Skin Antisepsis: A Randomized Clinical Trial Andreas F. Widmer, Andrew Atkinson, Stefan P. Kuster, et al JAMA. Published online June 17, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8531 Key Points Question  Is preoperative skin antisepsis with povidone iodine in alcohol noninferior to chlorhexidine gluconate in alcohol to prevent surgical...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Global burden associated with 85 pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 IHME Pathogen Core Group Lancet Infect Dis Published: April 16, 2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00158-0 Summary Background Despite a global epidemiological transition towards increased burden of non-communicable diseases, communicable diseases continue to cause substantial morbidity and mortality w...

Original Investigation  Obstetrics and Gynecology April 29, 2024 Postpartum Emergency Department Use Following Midwifery-Model vs Obstetrics-Model Care Carla Sorbara, Joel G. Ray, MD, Elizabeth K. Darling, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e248676. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8676 Key Points Question  Is care by a midwife compared with an obstetrician associated with different rates of eme...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis during Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Deborah Cook, Adam Deane, François Lauzier, et al N Engl J Med Published June 14, 2024 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2404245 Abstract BACKGROUND Whether proton-pump inhibitors are beneficial or harmful for stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients undergoing invasive ventilation is unclear. METHODS In this international, randomized trial, we assigned critically ill a...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient June 14, 2024 Dapagliflozin for Critically Ill Patients With Acute Organ Dysfunction: The DEFENDER Randomized Clinical Trial Caio A. M. Tavares, Luciano C. P. Azevedo, Álvaro Rea-Neto, et al JAMA. Published online June 14, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.10510 Key Points Question  Does the addition of dapagliflozin to standard of care improve the hierarchical outcome of...