Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient December 10, 2024 Electronic Sepsis Screening Among Patients Admitted to Hospital Wards: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial Yaseen M. Arabi, Abdulmohsen Alsaawi, Mohammed Alzahrani, et al JAMA. Published online December 10, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.25982 Key Points Question  Does electronic sepsis screening based on quick ...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient December 10, 2024 High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: The RENOVATE Randomized Clinical Trial RENOVATE Investigators and the BRICNet Authors JAMA. Published online December 10, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.26244 Key Points Question  Is high-flow nasal oxygen noninferior to noninvasive ventilation for rate of en...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient December 10, 2024 Early Restrictive vs Liberal Oxygen for Trauma Patients: The TRAUMOX2 Randomized Clinical Trial Tobias Arleth, Josefine Baekgaard, Volkert Siersma, et al JAMA. Published online December 10, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.25786 Key Points Question  Does an early, 8-hour restrictive oxygen strategy compared with a liberal oxygen strategy in severely inj...

ARTICLESVolume 12, Issue 10P787-798October 2024 Inhaled colistimethate sodium in patients with bronchiectasis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: results of PROMIS-I and PROMIS-II, two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials assessing safety and efficacy over 12 months Charles S Haworth, Michal Shteinberg, Kevin Winthrop, et al Lancet Respir Med 2024; 12: 787-798 Summary Background Chronic lung infection with Pseudomo...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Liberal or Restrictive Transfusion Strategy in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Shane W. English, Anthony Delaney, Dean A. Fergusson, et al N Engl J Med Published December 9, 2024 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2410962 Abstract BACKGROUND The effect of a liberal red-cell transfusion strategy as compared with a restrictive strategy in patients during the critical care period after an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is unclear. METHODS W...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient December 9, 2024 Biomarker-Guided Antibiotic Duration for Hospitalized Patients With Suspected Sepsis: The ADAPT-Sepsis Randomized Clinical Trial Paul Dark, Anower Hossain, Daniel F. McAuley, et al JAMA. Published online December 9, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.26458 Key Points Question  Do critically ill adult patients hospitalized for suspected sepsis and treated w...

Aztreonam–avibactam versus meropenem for the treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria (REVISIT): a descriptive, multinational, open-label, phase 3, randomised trial Yehuda Carmeli, José Miguel Cisneros, Mical Paul, et al. Lancet Infect Dis 2024 Available online 7 October 2024 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00499-7 Summary Background There is a need for additional therapeutic options for serious infections caused by Gram-neg...

Adjunctive linezolid versus clindamycin for toxin inhibition in β-lactam-treated patients with invasive group A streptococcal infections in 195 US hospitals from 2016 to 2021: a retrospective cohort study with target trial emulation Ahmed Babiker, Sarah Warner, Xiaobai Li, et al. Lancet Infect Dis 2024 Available online 10 October 2024 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00507-3 Summary Background Adjunctive clindamycin use...

Mechanisms and causes of death after abdominal surgery in low-income and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis of the FALCON trial NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery Lancet Global Health 2024 online first September 05, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(24)00318-8 Summary Background Death after surgery is devasting for patients, families, and communities, but remains common in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). W...

Microbiology testing capacity and antimicrobial drug resistance in surgical-site infections: a post-hoc, prospective, secondary analysis of the FALCON randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery Lancet Global Health 2024 epub ahead of print https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(24)00330-9 Summary Background Surgical-site infection (SSI) is one of the most common health-care-associated i...