Original Investigation  June 18, 2024 Variation in Postoperative Outcomes Across Federally Designated Hospital Star Ratings Adrian Diaz, Calista Harbaugh, Justin B. Dimick, et al JAMA Surg. Published online June 18, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.1582 Key Points Question  Is the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Hospital Star Rating system associated with a hospital’s surgical ...

Original Investigation  Oncology June 18, 2024 Performance of Large Language Models on Medical Oncology Examination Questions Jack B. Longwell, Ian Hirsch, Fernando Binder, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2417641. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17641 Key Points Question  What medical oncology knowledge is encoded by large language models (LLMs)? Findings  In this cross-section...

Original Investigation  Surgery June 18, 2024 Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Guidelines and Hospital Length of Stay, Readmission, Complications, and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Khara M. Sauro, Christine Smith, Seremi Ibadin, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2417310. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17310 Key Points Question  Does the adoption of enhanced recovery...

US Preventive Services Task Force  Evidence Report June 18, 2024 Interventions for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force Elizabeth A. O’Connor, Corinne V. Evans, Michelle Henninger, et al JAMA. Published online June 18, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6739 Abstract Importance  Body mass index (BMI) of...

Articles Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 GBD 2021 Lower Respiratory Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators Lancet Infect Dis Published: April 15, 2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00176-2 Summary Background Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) are a major g...

Research Antiplatelet therapy after coronary artery bypass surgery: five year follow-up of randomised DACAB trial Yunpeng Zhu, Wei Zhang, Arnaldo Dimagli, et al BMJ 2024; 385 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-075707 (Published 11 June 2024)Cite this as: BMJ 2024;385:e075707 Abstract Objective To assess the effect of different antiplatelet strategies on clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting. Design Five year follow-up of ra...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 24, ISSUE 5, P523-534, MAY 2024 Efficacy and safety of an early oral switch in low-risk Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SABATO): an international, open-label, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial Achim J Kaasch, Luis Eduardo López-Cortés, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, et al Lancet Infect Dis 2024; 24: 523-534 Published:January 17, 2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00756-9 Summary Background ...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Carbapenem use in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales infections in US hospitals and influence of IDSA guidance: a retrospective cohort study Morgan K Walker, Guoqing Diao, Sarah Warner, et al Lancet Infect Dis Published: April 25, 2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00149-X Summary Background Disparate and rapidly changing practice recommendations from major professional infectious diseases soc...

Blood culture-free ultra-rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Kim, T.H., Kang, J., Jang, H. et al. Nature (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07725-1 Abstract Treatment assessment and patient outcome for sepsis depend predominantly on the timely administration of appropriate antibiotics1,2,3. However, the clinical protocols used to stratify and select patient-specific optimal therapy are extremely slow4. In particular, the major hurdle in perform...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Effectiveness of ferritin-guided donation intervals in whole-blood donors in the Netherlands (FIND'EM): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial Amber Meulenbeld, Steven Ramondt, Maike G Sweegers, et al Lancet Published: June 13, 2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01085-7 Summary Background Whole-blood donors are at increased risk for iron deficiency and anaemia. The current standard of haemoglobin monitoring is insu...