Original Investigation  August 7, 2024 Intraoperative Oxygen Treatment, Oxidative Stress, and Organ Injury Following Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial Marcos G. Lopez, Matthew S. Shotwell, Cassandra Hennessy, et al JAMA Surg. Published online August 7, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.2906 Key Points Question  Does administration of high concentrations of oxygen (hyperoxia) increase ox...

Original Investigation  Cardiology August 6, 2024 Barriers to Optimal Clinician Guideline Adherence in Management of Markedly Elevated Blood Pressure: A Qualitative Study Yuan Lu, Oreoluwa Arowojolu, Xiaoliang Qiu, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426135. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26135 Key Points Question  What are the plausible scenarios and factors contributing to clinician nonadhe...

Original Investigation  Nutrition, Obesity, and Exercise August 7, 2024 Protein Intake and Mortality in Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease Adrián Carballo-Casla, Carla Maria Avesani, Giorgi Beridze, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426577. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26577 Key Points Question  What are the associations of total, animal, and plant protein intake with all-cause mort...

Original Investigation  Medical Education August 7, 2024 Crowdsourced Feedback to Improve Resident Physician Error Disclosure Skills: A Randomized Clinical Trial Andrew A. White, Ann M. King, Angelo E. D’Addario, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425923. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25923 Key Points Question  Is crowdsourced feedback from laypeople an effective educational intervention to improve resident physicians’ error...

Original Investigation  Critical Care Medicine August 7, 2024 Daily Sedation Interruption vs Continuous Sedation in Pediatric Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Theresa Shu Wen Toh, Pravin R. R., Karen Hwee Ying Ho, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426225. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26225 Key Points Question  Does daily sedation interruptio...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Cluster analysis of blood biomarkers to identify molecular patterns in pulmonary fibrosis: assessment of a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort with independent validation Hernan P Fainberg, Yuben Moodley, Isaac Triguero, et al Lancet Respir Med Published: July 15, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00147-4 Summary Background Pulmonary fibrosis results from alveolar injury, leading to extracellular matrix re...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 24, ISSUE 8, P856-867, AUGUST 2024 Carbapenem use in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales infections in US hospitals and influence of IDSA guidance: a retrospective cohort study Morgan K Walker, Guoqing Diao, Sarah Warner, et al Lancet Infect Dis 2024; 24: 856-867 Published: April 25, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00149-X Summary Background Disparate and rapidly changing practice recommendations fro...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 11, ISSUE 8, E567-E579, AUGUST 2024 Efficacy and safety of sovleplenib (HMPL-523) in adult patients with chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia in China (ESLIM-01): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study Yu Hu, Xiaofan Liu, Hu Zhou, et al Lancet Hematol 2024; 11: E567-E579 Published:June 14, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(24)00139-X Summary Background Sovleplenib, a novel spleen tyrosine kinase (SY...

Original Investigation  Neurology August 2, 2024 Global Case Fatality of Bacterial Meningitis During an 80-Year Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Cornelis N. van Ettekoven, Fabian D. Liechti, Matthijs C. Brouwer, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424802. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24802 Key Points Question  What is the case fatality ratio (CFR) of bacterial meningitis and ho...

Original Investigation  Surgery August 2, 2024 Comparison of Medical Research Abstracts Written by Surgical Trainees and Senior Surgeons or Generated by Large Language Models Alexis M. Holland, William R. Lorenz, Jack C. Cavanagh, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425373. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25373 Key Points Question  Can large language models generate convincing medical research...