Research Letter  Occupational Health October 29, 2024 N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirator Reuse, Extended Use, and Filtration Efficiency Ralph C. Wang, Newton Addo, Nida F. Degesys, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441663. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41663 Introduction N95 filtering facepiece respirators (N95s) are designed to filter 95% or more of viral particles and prevent aerosolized transmis...

Research Letter  Infectious Diseases October 30, 2024 Sex Disparities in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Mortality Bethan L. Carter, Jonathan Underwood JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441502. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41502 Introduction Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) poses a significant global health threat, with 30-day mortality rates estimated at approximately 20%.1 A recent systema...

Original Investigation  Health Informatics October 28, 2024 Large Language Model Influence on Diagnostic Reasoning: A Randomized Clinical Trial Ethan Goh, Robert Gallo, Jason Hom, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440969. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40969 Key Points Question  Does the use of a large language model (LLM) improve diagnostic reasoning performance among physicians in family...

CLINICAL RESEARCH: ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND ICU NEPHROLOGY Averaged versus Persistent Reduction in Urine Output to Define Oliguria in Critically Ill Patients An Observational Study Monard, Céline; Bianchi, Nathan; Kelevina, Tatiana; et al Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 19(9):p 1089-1097, September 2024 Abstract Key Points  When assessing urine output, consideration of an average or persistent value below a thresh...

Original Investigation  Pediatrics October 29, 2024 Outpatient Antibiotic Use and Treatment Failure Among Children With Pneumonia Daniel J. Shapiro, Matt Hall, Mark I. Neuman, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441821. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41821 Key Points Question  In children with pneumonia managed as outpatients, is receipt of antibiotics associated with decreased risk of treat...

Original Investigation  Pediatrics October 29, 2024 Sociodemographic Disparities in 1-Year Outcomes of Children With Community-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury Omer S. Ashruf, Zaid Ashruf, Valerie Luyckx, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440988. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40988 Key Points Question  Do disparities in clinical outcomes persist along sociodemographic lines among children with communit...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE A Comparison of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Materials Amanda J. Ullman, Deanne August, Tricia M. Kleidon, et al N Engl J Med 2025;392:161-172 Abstract BACKGROUND New catheter materials for peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) may reduce the risk of device failure due to infectious, thrombotic, and catheter occlusion events. However, data from randomized trials comparing these catheters are lacking. METHODS We ...

Original Investigation  Pediatrics October 30, 2024 Maternal-Newborn ABO Blood Groups and Risk of Bacterial Infection in Newborns Emily Ana Butler, Joel G. Ray, Eyal Cohen JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442227. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42227 Key Points Question  If a mother and newborn have incongruent ABO blood groups, is the newborn at a lower risk of bacterial infection than if they had c...

Research Letter  Pediatrics October 31, 2024 Caregiver Awareness and Knowledge of Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Children Michelle C. Starr, Julia Vanderkolk, Shrea Goswami, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442442. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42442 Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs commonly in pediatrics and is associated with poor outcomes.1 Adult patients with AKI are oft...

Original Investigation  Anesthesiology November 1, 2024 Pulmonary Atelectasis After Sedation With Propofol vs Propofol-Ketamine for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial Yu Jeong Bang, Jeayoun Kim, Nam-Su Gil, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(11):e2433029. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.33029 Key Points Question  What is the incidence of atelectasis among children ...