ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) ICU TOOLBOX TOPICAL COLLECTION Editorial How I perform diaphragmatic ultrasound in the intensive care unitHermans G., Demoule A. and Heunks L. Invasive fungal infections in non-neutropenic patientsKreitmann L., Blot S. and Nseir S. My echo checklist in venoarterial ECMO patientsSaura O., Combes A. and Hekimian G. OPEN ACCESS ~ Editorial Managing blood glucose control in the intensive care unit Gunst J., Umpierrez G. E.&nb...

Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) Lancet 2024; 404: 2077-2093 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02317-1 Summary Background Diabetes can be detected at the primary health-care level, and effective treatments lower the risk of complications. There are insufficient data on the coverage ...

Research Letter  November 20, 2024 The Quality of Evidence Supporting Clinical Practice Guidelines in General Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Ali B. Abbasi, Adrian Valderrama, Hannah C. Decker, et al JAMA Surg. Published online November 20, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.4751 Clinical practice guidelines can help patients and physicians make decisions using the best available evidence. Unfortunately, the best avai...

Characterization of Gram-negative Bloodstream Infections in Hospitalized Australian Children and Their Clinical Outcomes  Sophie C H Wen,  Patrick N A Harris,  Brian Forde,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 79, Issue 3, 15 September 2024, Pages 734–743, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae341 Abstract Background Gram-negative bloodstream infections (GNBSIs) more commonly occur in children with comorbidities and ...

Research Letter  November 18, 2024 Caregiver-Reported Quality in Hospices Owned by Private Equity Firms and Publicly Traded Companies Alexander E. Soltoff, Mark Aaron Unruh, David G. Stevenson, et al JAMA. Published online November 18, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.20546 The US hospice industry has shifted from not-for-profit to for-profit ownership models,1,2producing concerns about care quality. For-profit h...

Risk Factors and Outcome Associated With Fungal Infections in Patients With Severe Burn Injury: 10-year Retrospective IFI-BURN Study  Emmanuel Dudoignon,  Sylvie Chevret,  Sorel Tsague,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 79, Issue 3, 15 September 2024, Pages 682–689, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae337 Abstract Background In burn patients, skin barrier disruption and immune dysfunctions increase susceptibilit...

Fludrocortisone dose–response relationship in septic shock: a randomised phase II trial Walsham, J., Hammond, N., Blumenthal, A. et al. Intensive Care Med (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-024-07616-z Abstract Background The combination of intravenous hydrocortisone and enteral fludrocortisone may reduce mortality in patients with septic shock. The optimal dose and reliability of absorption of fludrocortisone in critically ill patients are unclear. ...

Treatment Outcomes Among Patients With a Positive Candida Culture Close to Randomization Receiving Rezafungin or Caspofungin in the ReSTORE Study  Alex Soriano,  Patrick M Honore,  Oliver A Cornely,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 79, Issue 3, 15 September 2024, Pages 672–681, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae363 Abstract Background Rezafungin, a novel, once-weekly echinocandin for the treatment o...

Research The efficacy and safety of thymosin α1 for sepsis (TESTS): multicentre, double blinded, randomised, placebo controlled, phase 3 trial Jianfeng Wu, Fei Pei, Lixin Zhou, et al BMJ 2025; 388 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2024-082583 (Published 15 January 2025)Cite this as: BMJ 2025;388:e082583 Abstract Objective To evaluate whether the immunomodulatory drug thymosin α1 reduces mortality in adults with sepsis. Design Multicentre, double...

Original Investigation  Pacific Coast Surgical Association September 4, 2024 Mentorship of Junior Surgical Faculty Across Academic Programs in Surgery Jingjing Yu, Perisa Ruhi-Williams, Christian de Virgilio, et al JAMA Surg. 2024;159(11):1252-1260. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.3390 Key Points Question  What is the current mentorship experience for junior surgical faculty and what are the challenges to re...