Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient December 10, 2024 Early Restrictive vs Liberal Oxygen for Trauma Patients: The TRAUMOX2 Randomized Clinical Trial Tobias Arleth, Josefine Baekgaard, Volkert Siersma, et al JAMA. 2025;333(6):479-489. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.25786 Key Points Question  Does an early, 8-hour restrictive oxygen strategy compared with a liberal oxygen stra...

Original Investigation  February 10, 2025 Evaluation of a Clinical Decision Support System for Imaging Requests: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial Stijntje W. Dijk, Claudia Wollny, Joerg Barkhausen, et al JAMA. Published online February 10, 2025. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.27853 Key Points Question  How does a clinical decision support system (the European Society of Radiology iGuide) affect the ap...

Articles Normobaric hyperoxia combined with endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke in China (OPENS-2 trial): a multicentre, randomised, single-blind, sham-controlled trial Weili Li, Jing Lan, Ming Wei, et al Lancet 2025; 405: 486-497 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02809-5 Summary Background Endovascular treatment improves the recanalisation rate for patients with acute ischaemic stroke; however, even with endovascular treatment,...

Extracorporeal Blood Purification Therapies in Sepsis In Sepsis Tue, 7 Jan 2025 Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, leading to organ dysfunction. Sepsis involves both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes, which can occur early in the disease and explain the severe clinical outcomes such as septic shock and premature death. However, each patient follows a unique immune response trajecto...

ARTICLESVolume 405, Issue 10477P478-485February 08, 2025Download Full Issue Life expectancy losses in the Gaza Strip during the period October, 2023, to September, 2024 Michel Guillot, Mohammed Draidi, Valeria Cetorelli, et al Lancet 2025; 405: 478-485 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02810-1 Summary Background In the context of the ongoing war in the Gaza Strip, the Gaza Health Ministry (GHM) has reported 45 936 fatalities and more than 10 000 individ...

ARTICLESVolume 405, Issue 10477 P469-477 February 08, 2025 Traumatic injury mortality in the Gaza Strip from Oct 7, 2023, to June 30, 2024: a capture–recapture analysis Zeina Jamaluddine, Hanan Abukmail, Sarah Aly, et al Lancet 2025; 405: 569-477 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02678-3 Summary Background Accurate mortality estimates help quantify and memorialise the impact of war. We used multiple data sources to estimate deaths due to traumatic injury in ...

Original Investigation  Critical Care Medicine February 5, 2025 Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Nitric Oxide During Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Open Heart Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial Debbie A. Long, Kristen S. Gibbons, Stephen B. Horton, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(2):e2458040. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58040 Key Points Question  Does nitric oxide (NO) administered via cardi...

Critical Care: Original Research Prophylactic Antibiotics in Adults With Acute Brain Injury Who Are Invasively Ventilated in the ICU: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Kathryn Hadley-Brown, Laura Hailstone, Roisin Devane, et al Chest Available online 28 October 2024 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2024.10.031 Background Lower respiratory tract infections are common in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in an ICU after an acute brain i...

Critical Care: Original Research Comparative Effectiveness of Albumin vs No Albumin on Renal Replacement Therapy and Mortality in Patients With Septic Shock and Renal Impairment Asad E. Patanwala, Alexander H. Flannery, Hemalkumar B. Meht, et al Chest Available online 18 October 2024 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2024.10.012 Background Albumin infusions may be renally protective or harmful in patients with septic shock who have kidney impairment. This ...

Critical Care: Original Research Lower or Higher Oxygenation Targets in Patients With COVID-19 in the ICU: A Secondary Bayesian Analysis of the Handling Oxygenation Targets in COVID-19 Trial Frederik Mølgaard Nielsen, Thomas Lass Klitgaard, Anders Granholm, et al Chest Available online 18 September 2024 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2024.08.055 Background In the Handling Oxygenation Targets in COVID-19 (HOT-COVID) trial, a Pao2 target of 60 mm&n...