Preventing New Gram-negative Resistance Through Beta-lactam De-escalation in Hospitalized Patients With Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study  Besu F Teshome,  Taehwan Park,  Joel Arackal,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 79, Issue 4, 15 October 2024, Pages 826–833, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae253 Abstract Background Whether antibiotic de-escalation reduces the risk of subsequent antibiotic resistance is...

Original Investigation  November 11, 2024 Intratracheal Budesonide Mixed With Surfactant for Extremely Preterm Infants: The PLUSS Randomized Clinical Trial Brett J. Manley, C. Omar F. Kamlin, Susan M. Donath, et al JAMA. Published online November 11, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.17380 Key Points Question  What is the effect of intratracheal budesonide mixed with surfactant on survival free of...

Association Between Infectious Diseases Consultation and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Gram-negative Bloodstream Infection: A Retrospective Population-wide Cohort Study  Sean W X Ong,  Jin Luo,  Daniel J Fridman,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 79, Issue 4, 15 October 2024, Pages 855–863, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae282 Abstract Objectives Data supporting routine infectious diseases (ID) cons...

Original Investigation  September 25, 2024 Fever Prevention in Patients With Acute Vascular Brain Injury: The INTREPID Randomized Clinical Trial David M. Greer, Raimund Helbok, Neeraj Badjatia, et al JAMA. 2024;332(18):1525-1534. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.14745 Key Points Question  Is an automated surface temperature management device effective in prevention of fever in patients with acute vascular brain inju...

Hospital-Acquired and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Early After Lung Transplantation: A Prospective Study on Incidence, Pathogen Origin, and Outcome Laura N Walti,  Chun Fai Ng,  Qasim Mohiuddin,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 79, Issue 4, 15 October 2024, Pages 1010–1017, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae399 Abstract Background Hospital-acquired (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are important c...

Original Investigation  Medical Education November 8, 2024 Perceived Mistreatment and Professional Identity of Medical Students in China Xuanxuan Ma, Ziyue Shen, Ruilian Xiao, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(11):e2444245. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.44245 Key Points Question  Is perceived mistreatment during medical school associated with medical students’ professional identity? Findings...

ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) ICU TOOLBOX TOPICAL COLLECTION Editorial How I perform diaphragmatic ultrasound in the intensive care unitHermans G., Demoule A. and Heunks L. Invasive fungal infections in non-neutropenic patientsKreitmann L., Blot S. and Nseir S. My echo checklist in venoarterial ECMO patientsSaura O., Combes A. and Hekimian G. Preventing stress ulcer bleedingYoung P. J., Cook D. J. and Deanede A. M. OPEN ACCESS ~ Editorial Managing blo...

Research Letter  Occupational Health October 29, 2024 N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirator Reuse, Extended Use, and Filtration Efficiency Ralph C. Wang, Newton Addo, Nida F. Degesys, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441663. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41663 Introduction N95 filtering facepiece respirators (N95s) are designed to filter 95% or more of viral particles and prevent aerosolized transmis...

Research Letter  Infectious Diseases October 30, 2024 Sex Disparities in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Mortality Bethan L. Carter, Jonathan Underwood JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441502. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41502 Introduction Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) poses a significant global health threat, with 30-day mortality rates estimated at approximately 20%.1 A recent systema...

Original Investigation  Health Informatics October 28, 2024 Large Language Model Influence on Diagnostic Reasoning: A Randomized Clinical Trial Ethan Goh, Robert Gallo, Jason Hom, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440969. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40969 Key Points Question  Does the use of a large language model (LLM) improve diagnostic reasoning performance among physicians in family...