ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ICU Editorial Stop asking if AI will replace ICU doctors! Start asking how it will radically transform their practiceGoulenok C., Kentish-Barnes N. & Bougouin W. THE BRAIN IN THE LINE OF FIRE What's New in Intensive Care Carbon dioxide pathophysiology and targets following acute brain injuryTaran S., Sekhon M. & Robba C. STANDARD OF CARE IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT Narrative Review Atr...

Original Investigation  Surgery March 25, 2025 Patient Complexity and Bile Duct Injury After Robotic-Assisted vs Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Cody Lendon Mullens, Sarah Sheskey, Jyothi R. Thumma, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(3):e251705. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.1705 Key Points Question  Are patient risk factors and complexity associated with differential rates of bile duct injury in r...

Original Investigation  March 24, 2025 Avoidable Mortality Across US States and High-Income Countries Irene Papanicolas, Maecey Niksch, Jose F. Figueroa JAMA Intern Med. Published online March 24, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.0155 Key Points Question  How did avoidable mortality vary across US states compared with 40 high-income countries between 2009 and 2021? Findings  In this ...

A Multidimensional Diagnostic Approach for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPDGene 2025 Diagnosis Working Group and CanCOLD Investigators JAMA 2025;333;(24):2164-2175 doi:10.1001/jama.2025.7358 Key Points Question  Does incorporating chest computed tomographic imaging abnormalities and respiratory symptoms into the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnostic schema improve identification of individuals with poor respiratory outc...

Original Investigation  May 14, 2025 Role of Preoperative Antibiotic Treatment While Awaiting Appendectomy: The PERFECT-Antibiotics Randomized Clinical Trial Karoliina Jalava, Ville Sallinen, Hanna Lampela, et al JAMA Surg. Published online May 14, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2025.1212 Key Points Question  Is waiting for surgery without antibiotic treatment noninferior to waiting with antibiotic ...

Original Investigation  Medical Education May 14, 2025 Causes of Death Among US Medical Residents Nicholas A. Yaghmour, William E. Bynum IV, Frederic W. Hafferty, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(5):e259238. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9238 Key Points Question  Have causes of death for US medical residents and fellows changed between the periods of 2000 to 2014 and 2015 to 2021? Find...

JOURNAL ARTICLE EDITOR'S CHOICE Association Between the Sequence of β-Lactam and Vancomycin Administration and Mortality in Patients With Suspected Sepsis Yutaka Kondo, Michael Klompas, Caroline S McKenna, et al Clin Infect Dis 2025; 80: 761-769 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae599 Abstract Background Timely antibiotic initiation is critical to sepsis management, but there are limited data on the impact of giving β-lactams first ver...

JOURNAL ARTICLE A National Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing the Effects of Cefepime Versus Piperacillin-Tazobactam on the Development of Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Septic Shock Asad E Patanwala, David E Nix, Thomas E Hills, et al Clin Infect Dis 2025; 80:770-776 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae600 Abstract Background Cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam are commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat pati...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCHVolume 167, Issue 5P1388-1396 May 2025 Effect of Flow Rates of High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Extubation Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial Sheng-Yuan Ruan, Yao-Wen Kuo, Chun-Ta Huang, et al Chest 2025; 167: 1388-1396 Abstract Background High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has emerged as a promising intervention for postextubation oxygen therapy, with the potential to reduce the need for reintubation. However, it remains uncle...

Original Investigation  Infectious Diseases May 1, 2025 Interpreting Blood Culture Results as Early Guidance for Infective Endocarditis Sarah R. Freling, Iman Richie, Daniel Norwitz, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(5):e258079. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.8079 Key Points Question  Can the number of initial positive blood cultures and the number of days until culture clearance help guide pret...