Efficacy and safety of individualised versus standard 10-day antibiotic treatment in children with febrile urinary tract infection (INDI-UTI): a pragmatic, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial in Denmark Naqash Javaid Sethi, Emma Louise Malchau Carlsen, Abdullah Tabassum, et al Lancet Infect Dis 2025; 25: 925-935 Summary Background The optimal antibiotic duration for febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) in children remains...

Research Letter  Climate Change and Health Excess Deaths Attributable to the Los Angeles Wildfires From January 5 to February 1, 2025 Eugenio Paglino, Rafeya V. Raquib, Andrew C. Stokes JAMA Published Online: August 6, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.10556 In January 2025, 2 major wildfires impacted Los Angeles County, California. Officials reported 30 direct fatalities,1but additional health impacts are likely.2 ...

Original Investigation  AI in Surgery Artificial Intelligence–Augmented Human Instruction and Surgical Simulation Performance: A Randomized Clinical Trial Bianca Giglio, Abdulmajeed Albeloushi, Ahmad Kh. Alhaj, et al JAMA Surg Published Online: August 6, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.2564 Key Points Question  Does artificial intelligence–augmented personalized expert instruction improve surgical performance, skill transfer, and affect...

Research Letter  Health Informatics Public Perception of Physicians Who Use Artificial Intelligence Moritz Reis, Florian Reis, Wilfried Kunde JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(7):e2521643. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.21643 Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly gaining importance in medicine.1 Recent findings, however, indicate potential concerns from the patients’ and the public’s perspective.2 So far...

Original Investigation  Cardiology Intensive Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction and Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial Guozhe Sun, Wei Miao, Songyue Liu, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(7):e2519604. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.19604 Key Points Question  Is the reduction of systolic blood pressure associated with kidney injury and cardiovascular disease...

Original Investigation  Infectious Diseases Oral Vancomycin for Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial Julie A. Keating, Tinghui Xu, Mary Beth Graham, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(7):e2517834. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.17834 Key Points Question  Is oral vancomycin prophylaxis effective for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infect...

Original Investigation  Proportional Sedation for Persistent Agitated Delirium in Palliative Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial David Hui, Allison De La Rosa, Jaw-Shiun Tsai, et al JAMA Oncol Published Online: July 31, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.2212 Key Points Question  What is the impact of haloperidol and/or lorazepam on restlessness and agitation in patients with advanced cancer and per...

Original Investigation  Nurse-Led Family Support Intervention for Families of Critically Ill Patients: The FICUS Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial Rahel Naef, Marie-Madlen Jeitziner, Marco Riguzzi, et al JAMA Intern Med Published Online: July 28, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.3406 Key Points Question  Does a nurse-led, interprofessional, multicomponent family support intervention in adult...

Original Investigation  Influenza-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in US Children Influenza-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (IA-ANE) Working Group JAMA Published Online: July 30, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.11534 Key Points Question  What were the clinical characteristics, management approaches, and outcomes among children with influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) in the US durin...

Original Investigation  Germicidal UV Light and Incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection in Long-Term Care for Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial Andrew P. Shoubridge, Amanda Brass, Maria Crotty, et al JAMA Intern Med Published Online: July 28, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.3388 Key Points Question  Can germicidal UV light (GUV) appliances in common spaces reduce the incidence of a...