Original Investigation January 16, 2019 Association Between Postoperative Delirium and Long-term Cognitive Function After Major Nonemergent Surgery C. Adrian Austin, Thomas O’Gorman, Elizabeth Stern, et al JAMA Surg. 2019;154(4):328-334. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2018.5093 Abstract Importance 背景 Postoperative delirium is associated with decreases in long-term cognitive function in elderly populations. 老年人术后谵妄伴随远期认知功能减退。 Objectiv...

Original Investigation April 24, 2019 Association of Duration and Type of Surgical Prophylaxis With Antimicrobial-Associated Adverse Events Westyn Branch-Elliman, William O’Brien, Judith Strymish, et al JAMA Surg. Published online April 24, 2019. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.0569 Importance 背景 The benefits of antimicrobial prophylaxis are limited to the first 24 hours postoperatively. Little is known abo...

Original Investigation Pediatrics Evaluation of Oxygen Saturation Index Compared With Oxygenation Index in Neonates With Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Hemananda K. Muniraman,  Ashley Y. Song, Rangasamy Ramanathan, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(3):e191179. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.1179 Abstract Importance 背景 Oxygenation index (OI), an invasive measurement, is routinely used as a marker of severity of h...

Original Investigation Critical Care Medicine Prevalence, Underlying Causes, and Preventability of Sepsis-Associated Mortality in US Acute Care Hospitals Chanu Rhee, Travis M. Jones, Yasir Hamad, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(2):e187571. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.7571 Abstract Importance 背景 Sepsis is present in many hospitalizations that culminate in death. The contribution of sepsis to these deaths, and the extent to which they are preventable, ...

Intensive Care Medicine ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) Editorial ~ Jason Roberts -  Personalized antibiotic dosing for the critically illFrom the Inside ~ Alberto García-Salido - A thirty second pauseOriginal ~ F Raymond - Whole genome sequencing reveals that genetic conditions are frequent in intensively ill childrenOriginal ~ Teresa May - Variability in functional outcome and treatment practices by treatment center aft...

An environmental cleaning bundle and health-care-associated infections in hospitals (REACH): a multicentre, randomised trial Brett G Mitchell, Lisa Hall, Nicole White,  et al Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 19: 410-418 Background 背景 The hospital environment is a reservoir for the transmission of microorganisms. The effect of improved cleaning on patient-centred outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an environmental cleaning bundle ...

Increased monocyte count as a cellular biomarker for poor outcomes in fibrotic diseases: a retrospective, multicentre cohort study Madeleine K D Scott, Katie Quinn, Qin Li, et al Lancet Respir Med Published:March 29, 2019 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30508-3 Background There is an urgent need for biomarkers to better stratify patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by risk for lung transplantation allocation who have the same clinical prese...

Non-invasive ventilation versus high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy with apnoeic oxygenation for preoxygenation before intubation of patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a randomised, multicentre, open-label trial Jean-Pierre Frat, Jean-Damien Ricard, Jean-Pierre Quenot, et al Lancet Respir Med 2019; 7: 303-312 Background 背景 Non-invasive ventilation has never been compared with high-flow oxygen to determine whether it reduces the risk of se...

Original Investigation|March 19, 2019 Associations of Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption With Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality Victor W. Zhong, Linda Van Horn, Marilyn C. Cornelis, et al JAMA. 2019;321(11):1081-1095. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.1572 Importance  背景 Cholesterol is a common nutrient in the human diet and eggs are a major source of dietary cholesterol. Whether dietary cholesterol or egg ...

Research True 99th centile of high sensitivity cardiac troponin for hospital patients: prospective, observational cohort study Mark Mariathas, Rick Allan, Sanjay Ramamoorthy, et al BMJ 2019;364:l729 Abstract Objective 目的 To determine the distribution, and specifically the true 99th centile, of high sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) for a whole hospital population by applying the hs-cTnI assay currently used routinely at a large teaching hos...