Research Letter May 20, 2022 Excess Mortality in Massachusetts During the Delta and Omicron Waves of COVID-19 Jeremy Samuel Faust, Chengan Du, Chenxue Liang, et al JAMA. Published online May 20, 2022. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8045 The COVID-19 pandemic has produced excess deaths, the number of all-cause fatalities exceeding the expected number in any period.1,2 Given reports that the Omicron variant may confer less risk than prior variants, we comp...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Albuterol–Budesonide Fixed-Dose Combination Rescue Inhaler for Asthma Alberto Papi, Bradley E. Chipps, Richard Beasley, et al N Engl J Med 2022; 386:2071-2083DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2203163 Abstract BACKGROUND As asthma symptoms worsen, patients typically rely on short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) rescue therapy, but SABAs do not address worsening inflammation, which leaves patients at risk for severe asthma exacerbations. The use of a fixed-dose...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Safety and immunogenicity of a live-attenuated influenza virus vector-based intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 and 2 trials Fengcai Zhu, Chunlan Zhuang, Kai Chu, et al Lancet Respir Med Published:May 26, 2022 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00131-X Summary Background All currently available SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are administered by intramuscular injection. We aim...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 10, ISSUE 6, P566-572, JUNE 01, 2022 Vaccine efficacy against severe COVID-19 in relation to delta variant (B.1.617.2) and time since second dose in patients in Scotland (REACT-SCOT): a case-control study Paul M McKeigue, David A McAllister, Sharon J Hutchinson, et al Lancet Respir Med 2022; 10: 566-572 Summary Background Reports have suggested that the efficacy of vaccines against COVID-19 might have fallen since the delt...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 161, ISSUE 4, P979-988, APRIL 01, 2022 Lung Response to a Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19 Alessandro Protti, Alessandro Santini, Francesca Pennati, et al Chest 2022; 161: 979-988 Background International guidelines suggest using a higher (> 10 cm H2O) positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS due to...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 10, ISSUE 6, P545-556, JUNE 01, 2022 Early Th2 inflammation in the upper respiratory mucosa as a predictor of severe COVID-19 and modulation by early treatment with inhaled corticosteroids: a mechanistic analysis Jonathan R Baker, Mahdi Mahdi, Dan V Nicolau Jr, et al Lancet Respir Med 2022; 10: 545-556 Summary Background Community-based clinical trials of the inhaled corticosteroid budesonide in early COVID-19 have shown i...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 161, ISSUE 5, P1275-1284, MAY 01, 2022 Aspirin as a Treatment for ARDS: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Philip Toner, Andrew J. Boyle, James J. McNamee, et al Chest 2022; 161: 1275-1284 Background There is no pharmacologic treatment for ARDS. Platelets play an important role in the pathophysiology of ARDS. Preclinical, observational, and clinically relevant models of ARDS indicate aspir...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Clinical characteristics with inflammation profiling of long COVID and association with 1-year recovery following hospitalisation in the UK: a prospective observational study The PHOSP-COVID Collaborative Group Lancet Respir Med Published:April 23, 2022 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00127-8 Summary Background No effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions exist for patients with long COVID. We aimed...

Original Investigation  July 19, 2022 Effect of 4% Albumin Solution vs Ringer Acetate on Major Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Randomized Clinical Trial Eero Pesonen, Hanna Vlasov, Raili Suojaranta, et al JAMA. 2022;328(3):251-258. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10461 Key Points Question  Does use of 4% albumin solution compared with Ringer acetate as cardiopulmonary bypass prime and pe...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boost immunisation with an orally administered aerosolised Ad5-nCoV after two-dose priming with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Chinese adults: a randomised, open-label, single-centre trial Jing-Xin Li, Shi-Po Wu, Xi-Ling Guo, et al Lancet Respir Med Published:May 20, 2022 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00087-X Summary Background Due to waning immunity and protection again...