Original Investigation  September 19, 2023 Treatment Failure and Adverse Events After Amoxicillin-Clavulanate vs Amoxicillin for Pediatric Acute Sinusitis Timothy J. Savage, Matthew P. Kronman, Sushama Kattinakere Sreedhara, et al JAMA. 2023;330(11):1064-1073. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.15503 Key Points Question  For pediatric acute sinusitis, is amoxicillin-clavulanate associated with different rates of treatment failure or adverse e...

Review  October 18, 2023 Defining a High-Quality and Effective Morbidity and Mortality Conference: A Systematic Review Brendin R. Beaulieu-Jones, Spencer Wilson, Daniel S. Howard, et al JAMA Surg. Published online October 18, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.4672 Key Points Question  What format, design, and other attributes of a morbidity and mortality conference (MMC) appear to best advance its stated objectives related to quali...

CHEST INFECTIONS: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 164, ISSUE 3, P625-636, SEPTEMBER 2023 Valaciclovir for Epstein-Barr Virus Suppression in Moderate-to-Severe COPD: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial Dermot A. Linden, Hong Guo-Parke, Michael C. McKelvey, et al Chest 2023; 164: 625-636 Open Access Published:March 31, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.040 Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) frequently is measured at high levels in ...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Trial of Vancomycin and Cefazolin as Surgical Prophylaxis in Arthroplasty Trisha N. Peel, Sarah Astbury, Allen C. Cheng, et al N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1488-1498DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2301401 Abstract BACKGROUND The addition of vancomycin to beta-lactam prophylaxis in arthroplasty may reduce surgical-site infections; however, the efficacy and safety are unclear. METHODS In this multicenter, double-blind, superiority, placebo-controlled t...

Research Venous thromboembolism with use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nationwide cohort study Amani Meaidi, Annamaria Mascolo, Maurizio Sessa, et al BMJ 2023; 382 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-074450 (Published 06 September 2023)Cite this as: BMJ 2023;382:e074450 Abstract Objective To study the influence of concomitant use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the...

Original Investigation  October 17, 2023 Effects of the Million Hearts Model on Myocardial Infarctions, Strokes, and Medicare Spending: A Randomized Clinical Trial Laura Blue, Keith Kranker, Amanda R. Markovitz, et al JAMA. 2023;330(15):1437-1447. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19597 Key Points Question  Did the Million Hearts Model, which encouraged and paid for cardiovascular risk assessment and reduction, reduce the incidence of first-...

Research Food additive emulsifiers and risk of cardiovascular disease in the NutriNet-Santé cohort: prospective cohort study Laury Sellem, Bernard Srour, Guillaume Javaux, et al BMJ 2023; 382 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-076058 (Published 06 September 2023)Cite this as: BMJ 2023;382:e076058 Abstract Objective To assess the associations between exposure to food additive emulsifiers and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Design Prospe...

Brief Report  October 12, 2023 Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation Anthony D. Harris, Lisa Pineles, J. Kristie Johnson, et al JAMA. Published online October 12, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21083 Key Points Question  What is the statewide prevalence of 2 emerging pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris, among patients receiving mechan...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Preexisting Autoimmunity Is Associated With Increased Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Data From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)  Arjun S Yadaw,  David K Sahner,  Hythem Sidky,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 77, Issue 6, 15 September 2023, Pages 816–826 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad294 Abstract Background Identifying individuals with a higher risk of developing ...

Noninvasive Oxygenation Strategies in Adult Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis Tyler Pitre, Dena Zeraatkar, George V Kachkovski, et al Chest 2023; 164: 913-928 Abstract Background: Several recently published randomized controlled trials have evaluated various noninvasive oxygenation strategies for the treatment of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Research question: Which available n...