ORIGINAL ARTICLE Trial of Vancomycin and Cefazolin as Surgical Prophylaxis in Arthroplasty Trisha N. Peel, Sarah Astbury, Allen C. Cheng, et al N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1488-1498DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2301401 Abstract BACKGROUND The addition of vancomycin to beta-lactam prophylaxis in arthroplasty may reduce surgical-site infections; however, the efficacy and safety are unclear. METHODS In this multicenter, double-blind, superiority, placebo-controlled t...

Research Venous thromboembolism with use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nationwide cohort study Amani Meaidi, Annamaria Mascolo, Maurizio Sessa, et al BMJ 2023; 382 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-074450 (Published 06 September 2023)Cite this as: BMJ 2023;382:e074450 Abstract Objective To study the influence of concomitant use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the...

Original Investigation  October 17, 2023 Effects of the Million Hearts Model on Myocardial Infarctions, Strokes, and Medicare Spending: A Randomized Clinical Trial Laura Blue, Keith Kranker, Amanda R. Markovitz, et al JAMA. 2023;330(15):1437-1447. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19597 Key Points Question  Did the Million Hearts Model, which encouraged and paid for cardiovascular risk assessment and reduction, reduce the incidence of first-...

Research Food additive emulsifiers and risk of cardiovascular disease in the NutriNet-Santé cohort: prospective cohort study Laury Sellem, Bernard Srour, Guillaume Javaux, et al BMJ 2023; 382 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-076058 (Published 06 September 2023)Cite this as: BMJ 2023;382:e076058 Abstract Objective To assess the associations between exposure to food additive emulsifiers and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Design Prospe...

Brief Report  October 12, 2023 Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation Anthony D. Harris, Lisa Pineles, J. Kristie Johnson, et al JAMA. Published online October 12, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21083 Key Points Question  What is the statewide prevalence of 2 emerging pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris, among patients receiving mechan...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Preexisting Autoimmunity Is Associated With Increased Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Data From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)  Arjun S Yadaw,  David K Sahner,  Hythem Sidky,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 77, Issue 6, 15 September 2023, Pages 816–826 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad294 Abstract Background Identifying individuals with a higher risk of developing ...

Noninvasive Oxygenation Strategies in Adult Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis Tyler Pitre, Dena Zeraatkar, George V Kachkovski, et al Chest 2023; 164: 913-928 Abstract Background: Several recently published randomized controlled trials have evaluated various noninvasive oxygenation strategies for the treatment of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Research question: Which available n...

Original Investigation  October 11, 2023 Gender Differences in Medicare Practice and Payments to Neurosurgeons Temitope O. Oshinowo, Michael S. Rallo, Clemens M. Schirmer, et al JAMA Surg. Published online October 11, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.4988 Key Points Question  Is there variation in reimbursements to neurosurgeons based on gender? Findings  In this cross-sectional stud...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Decolonization in Nursing Homes to Prevent Infection and Hospitalization Loren G. Miller, James A. McKinnell, Raveena D. Singh, et al N Engl J Med October 10, 2023DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2215254 Abstract BACKGROUND Nursing home residents are at high risk for infection, hospitalization, and colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms. METHODS We performed a cluster-randomized trial of universal decolonization as compared with ro...

Research Letter  Climate Change and Health September 21, 2023 Canadian Wildfire Smoke and Asthma Syndrome Emergency Department Visits in New York City Kai Chen, Yiqun Ma, Michelle L. Bell, et al JAMA. 2023;330(14):1385-1387. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.18768 The wildfires in Canada in 20231 deteriorated air quality locally and distantly. For example, the smoke of wildfires in Quebec drifted into New York City (NYC), hundreds of kilometers away, and c...