Role of Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Research and Review In ICU Tue, 14 Jan 2025 Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and generative artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the rapid integration of AI tools into research. These tools are now used to assist with literature reviews, data management and analysis, data synthesis, and editing scientific writing. Additionally, many medical journals utilise AI for tasks such as plagiarism...

Research Effect of high flow nasal cannula oxygenation on incidence of hypoxia during sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients with obesity: multicentre randomised controlled trial Leilei Wang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Dan Han, et al BMJ 2025; 388 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2024-080795 (Published 11 February 2025)Cite this as: BMJ 2025;388:e080795 Abstract Objective To determine whether high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygenation can reduce the incid...

Research Letter  February 17, 2025 Heterogeneity of Primary Outcomes in Large Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Trials Published in Prominent Medical Journals Daniel Shepshelovich, Dafna Yahav, Danielle R. Rome, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online February 17, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.7694 The extent of heterogeneity in end points reported by randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of atherosc...

Oxygen Reactivity Index in Traumatic Brain Injury In ICU Tue, 14 Jan 2025 Moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in impaired cerebral autoregulation (CA), making patients vulnerable to both ischaemia and hyperaemia. The capacity for CA varies between patients and can change over time, complicating the determination of an optimal cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) target. The pressure reactivity index (PRx), a measure of CA based o...

Research Letter  Health Policy February 19, 2025 Health Care Staffing Shortages and Potential National Hospital Bed Shortage Richard K. Leuchter, Benjo A. Delarmente, Sitaram Vangala, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(2):e2460645. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.60645 Introduction Between August 2020 and April 2024, US hospitals were mandated to report weekly occupancy to the Department of Health and Human...

Emergency Department Admitting Practices and Mortality In ICU Tue, 7 Jan 2025 Emergency department patients treated by physicians with a high tendency to admit them to the hospital are more likely to be discharged after a short stay, raising concerns about potentially unnecessary admissions. However, new research indicates that these patients are no less likely to die than those treated by low-admitting physicians. A recent study suggests that physi...

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Efficacy and Safety of Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Preventing Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection Dimitri M Drekonja, Aasma Shaukat, Yuan Huang, et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 80, Issue 1, 15 January 2025, Pages 52–60, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae467 Abstract Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of healthcare–associated in...

Original Investigation  Critical Care Medicine February 10, 2025 Response to Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Mortality Among Very Preterm Neonates With Pulmonary Hypertension Michelle Baczynski, Dany Weisz, Laura Thomas, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(2):e2458843. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.58843 Key Points Question  Is there an association between inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) responsiveness and m...

Population Sepsis Incidence, Mortality, and Trends in Hong Kong Between 2009 and 2018 Using Clinical and Administrative Data  Lowell Ling, Jack Zhenhe Zhang, Lok Ching Chang,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 80, Issue 1, 15 January 2025, Pages 91–100, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad491 Abstract Background Sepsis surveillance using electronic health record (EHR)–based data may provide more accurate epidemiologic esti...

Opportunity Cost of Artificial Intelligence Hesitancy in the ICU In ICU Tue, 7 Jan 2025 Healthcare systems face challenges like increasing patient loads, rising costs, and staff shortages, which hinder consistent, high-quality care. Without integrating artificial intelligence (AI), these issues could worsen, leading to greater disparities in access and care quality. AI offers transformative potential by automating administrative tasks, supporting clini...