CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCHVolume 167, Issue 5P1388-1396 May 2025 Effect of Flow Rates of High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Extubation Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial Sheng-Yuan Ruan, Yao-Wen Kuo, Chun-Ta Huang, et al Chest 2025; 167: 1388-1396 Abstract Background High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has emerged as a promising intervention for postextubation oxygen therapy, with the potential to reduce the need for reintubation. However, it remains uncle...

End-Tidal to Arterial PCO2 Ratio as Guide to Weaning from VV-ECMO In ICU Thu, 20 Mar 2025 A presentation on "End-Tidal to Arterial Pco₂ Ratio as Guide to Weaning from Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation" @ISICEM explored the potential of the end-tidal to arterial carbon dioxide pressure ratio (PetCO₂/PaCO₂) as a predictor for successful weaning from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in patients suffering from severe ac...

Editorial  May 12, 2025 Morning or Nighttime Medication Dosing—Does It Matter in the Treatment of Hypertension? Sandra J. Taler JAMA. Published online May 12, 2025. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.7286 Normal circadian rhythm of blood pressure (BP), defined as a BP decline of 10% to 20% at night, is an important predictor of cardiovascular health and an indicator of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk when absent. For treatment of hypertension, it has be...

Original Investigation  Infectious Diseases May 1, 2025 Interpreting Blood Culture Results as Early Guidance for Infective Endocarditis Sarah R. Freling, Iman Richie, Daniel Norwitz, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(5):e258079. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.8079 Key Points Question  Can the number of initial positive blood cultures and the number of days until culture clearance help guide pret...

Continuous Beta-Lactam Administration in Critically Ill Patients In ICU Wed, 19 Mar 2025 Infections are prevalent among critically ill patients and significantly contribute to increased mortality rates and healthcare costs in ICUs. The administration of antibiotics, particularly β-lactam antibiotics, remains a cornerstone in the treatment of severe infections in these settings. However, optimising antibiotic therapy in critically ill patients is challe...

Original Investigation  April 10, 2025 Olfactory Deficits and Mortality in Older Adults Robert Ruane, Oliver Lampert, Maria Larsson, et al JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online April 10, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2025.0174 Key Points Question  Is there an association between olfactory deficits and mortality in older adults, and what are the key mediating factors and cause-specific ou...

Original Investigation  May 12, 2025 Antihypertensive Medication Timing and Cardiovascular Events and Death: The BedMed Randomized Clinical Trial Scott R. Garrison, Jeffrey A. Bakal, Michael R. Kolber, et al JAMA. Published online May 12, 2025. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.4390 Key Points Question  Does bedtime administration of blood pressure–lowering medication, compared with conventional morning use...

Original Investigation  Health Policy May 2, 2025 State-Level Tax Policy, Cancer Screening, and Mortality Rates in the US Odysseas P. Chatzipanagiotou, Mujtaba Khalil, Usama Waqar, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8(5):e258455. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.8455 Key Points Question  Are state-level tax revenue and tax progressivity associated with cancer screening and cancer mortality rates in t...

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis  May 7, 2025 Use of Intravenous Albumin Stephen Fuest, Cristina Fischer, Jason T. Alexander JAMA. Published online May 7, 2025. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.3792 Guideline title Use of Intravenous Albumin: A Guideline From the International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines Release date March 4, 2024 Developer International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines Fun...

Pathways to Mortality in Critical Illness In ICU Wed, 19 Mar 2025 The complexity of clinical trials in critical illness remains a significant challenge. A discussion at the ISICEM Congress in Brussels focused on why trials often fail, the role of heterogeneity in patient responses, and emerging methodologies to improve our understanding of pathways to outcomes. For over 30 years, researchers have debated why clinical trials in critical illness strug...