RECUVAP: Consensual Definition of VAP Recurrences and Various Types  In ICU Tue, 6 May 2025 Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated infection in ICUs, linked to increased mortality, longer mechanical ventilation, and extended ICU stays. Diagnostic criteria for the first episode of VAP include clinical suspicion, chest x-ray infiltrates, and positive microbiological cultures from lower respiratory tract specimens. Ho...

Original Investigation  Psychiatry Caring for Grandchildren and Dementia Among Older Adults in China Zi Zhou, Xiaoling Hong JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(7):e2519622. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.19622 Key Points Question  Is grandchild caregiving associated with dementia, and are technology access and loneliness mediators of such an association? Findings  In this cohort study of 10 058 older adults, nonintensive grandchild careg...

Original Investigation  Surgery Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery Heather L. Lander, Andrew W. Dick, Karen E. Joynt Maddox, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(7):e2519467. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.19467 Key Points Question  What is the association of postoperative delirium with adverse outcomes, and how much variation exists in hospital rates of postoperative delirium? Findings  In this coh...

Research Letter  The Failure of Life Expectancy to Fully Rebound to Prepandemic Levels Hannes Schwandt, Janet Currie, Till von Wachter, et al JAMA Published Online: July 9, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.10439 US life expectancy plummeted during the COVID-19 pandemic and increased in 2022-2023.1 Although estimates for 2024 have not been reported for the US, vital statistics through 2024 are available for California. This study examined how California...

Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Patients With Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure In ICU Mon, 28 Apr 2025 Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a serious syndrome characterised by the development of organ failure following an acute hepatic insult and is associated with high short-term mortality rates. Plasma exchange has emerged as a potential treatment option for patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure.  A recent systematic review and meta-analysis...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Global Effect of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Lifetime Estimates The Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium N Engl J Med 2025;393:125-138 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2415879 Abstract BACKGROUND Five risk factors account for approximately 50% of the global burden of cardiovascular disease. How the presence or absence of classic risk factors affects lifetime estimates of cardiovascular disease and death from any cause remains unclear. 五项危...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Concordance of Noninvasive Plasma Cell-free DNA With Invasive Diagnostics for Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease Anthony Lieu, Alex N Zimmet, Joseph Pozdol, et al Clin Infect Dis 2025; 80: 1095-1102 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf021 Abstract Background Mold plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a promising noninvasive diagnostic modality for early diagnosis of invasive mold disease (IMD) in immun...

C-EASIE Trial: Early Administration of Vitamin C in Sepsis or Septic Shock In Sepsis Mon, 28 Apr 2025 Sepsis and septic shock represent critical conditions frequently encountered in emergency medicine, carrying significant risks of morbidity and mortality. Vitamin C has been proposed as a potential therapeutic agent due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties.  The C-EASIE trial was conducted to evaluate whether e...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Association Between Delayed Broad-Spectrum Gram-negative Antibiotics and Clinical Outcomes: How Much Does Getting It Right With Empiric Antibiotics Matter? Jonathan D Baghdadi, Katherine E Goodman, Laurence S Magder, et al Clin Infect Dis 2025; 80: 949-958 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf039 Abstract Background Clinicians often start unnecessarily broad-spectrum empiric gram-negative antibiotics out of the concern that delayi...

Timing of anticoagulation after ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation: better swift than sorry Wendy C Ziai, Georgios Tsivgoulis Lancet Available online 23 June 2025 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00676-2 Non-valvular atrial fibrillation accounts for 13–26% of acute ischaemic strokes.1 Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are highly effective in reducing the risk of ischaemic stroke with significantly lower rates of intracranial haemorrhage compar...