Original Investigation  Perioperative Use of Tranexamic Acid in General Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Lucas Monteiro Delgado; Bernardo Fontel Pompeu; Gabriel Henrique Acedo Martins, et al JAMA Surg Published Online: December 17, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.5498 Key Points Question  Is prophylactic tranexamic acid associated with reduced blood loss in adult patients undergoing gen...

Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics and Inspiratory Effort During Spontaneous Breathing Trials to Predict Extubation Failure in High-Risk Patients Francesco Murgolo,  Savino Spadaro,  Domenico L. Grieco, et al Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2026; 211: 2340-2351 Abstract Rationale: Conventional parameters to determine the success of spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) may fail to detect impending respiratory distress. Objectives: To ...

EDITORIAL Large Language Models as Item Writer: Innovation or Limitation? Are We Ready to Hand Over the Pen? Abdullah Alismail Chest 2025; 168: 1286-1287 The use of large language models and artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education has recently increased, not only among students, but also among faculty. Students use these tools to enhance their learning ability and comprehension of the subject, and faculty cite other reasons such as assisting them wit...

Using Recovery Rooms (PACUs) Differently: Addressing the Hidden Pandemic In ICU Tue, 14 Oct 2025 ICU Management & Practice, Volume 25 - Issue 4, 2025 There is increasing interest in extending PACU-based care in order to better address the growing problem of early postoperative complications and their impact on patient and hospital outcomes. There is promising evidence of benefit in this approach, but still a great deal to be learned, such as the opt...

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Molecular Phenotypes Have Distinct Lower Respiratory Tract Transcriptomes Aartik Sarma,  Stephanie A. Christenson,  Beth Zha Shoshana, et al Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2025; 211: 2352-2362 https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202407-1454OC Abstract Rationale: Two molecular phenotypes of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with divergent clinical trajectories and responses to therapy have be...

EDUCATION AND CLINICAL PRACTICE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Quality of Human Expert vs Large Language Model-Generated Multiple-Choice Questions in the Field of Mechanical Ventilation Sami Safadi, Roxana Amirahmadi, Burton W. Lee, et al Chest 2025; 168: 1425-1432 Abstract Background Although mechanical ventilation (MV) is a critical competency in critical care training, standardized methods for assessing MV-related knowledge are lacking. Traditional multiple-choic...

EDITORIAL Promising Leads in Preventing Early-Onset Pneumonia After Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Stéphane Legriel Chest 2025; 169: 3-5 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2025.09.123 Initial hospital treatment of patients in post-anoxic coma relies on a multifaceted approach. This encompasses the identification and treatment of the underlying cause(s) of cardiac arrest, with a focus on prevention of its reoccurrence, a consideration of post-resuscitation syndr...

Redefining Rate Control Strategy With Landiolol: Manage the Rhythm Without Compromising the System In ICU Tue, 14 Oct 2025 ICU Management & Practice, Volume 25 - Issue 4, 2025 Landiolol, an ultra-short-acting and highly β1-selective intravenous β-blocker, addresses the need for rapid and controllable arrhythmia suppression while maintaining cardiovascular stability. Recently approved in the United States and already in use in Europe, landiolol combi...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Ceftriaxone to Prevent Early-Onset Pneumonia in Comatose Patients Following Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial and Resistome Assessment (PROTECT) David J. Gagnon, Kristin M. Burkholder, Bram J. Geller, et al Chest 2025; 169: 115-127 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2025.08.007  Abstract Background Antibiotic prophylaxis following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) reduces early-onset pneumonia. ...

Original Investigation  Aging and Health Changes in US Skilled Nursing Facility Capacity Following the COVID-19 Pandemic Brian E. McGarry, Andrew D. Wilcock, Ashvin D. Gandhi, et al JAMA Intern Med Published Online: January 12, 2026 doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.7197 Key Points Question  Has US skilled nursing facility (SNF) capacity changed following the COVID-19 pandemic? Findings ...