ARTICLE Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge Ben Killingley, Alex Mann, Mariya Kalinova, et al https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1121993/v1 Abstract To establish a novel SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model, 36 volunteers aged 18-29 years without evidence of previous infection or vaccination were inoculated with 10 TCID50 of a wild-type virus (SARS-CoV-2/human/GBR/484861/2020) intranasally. Two participants were excl...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 161, ISSUE 1, P97-111, JANUARY 01, 2022 The Usefulness of the Rapid Shallow Breathing Index in Predicting Successful Extubation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Vatsal Trivedi, Dipayan Chaudhuri, Rehman Jinah, et al Chest 2022; 161: 97-111 Background Clinicians use several measures to ascertain whether individual patients will tolerate liberation from mechanical ventilation, including the rapid s...

Original Investigation Caring for the Critically Ill PatientFebruary 1, 2022 Effect of Moderate Hypothermia vs Normothermia on 30-Day Mortality in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Receiving Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Randomized Clinical Trial Bruno Levy, Nicolas Girerd, Julien Amour, et al JAMA. 2022;327(5):442-453. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24776 Key Points Question  Does early use of moderate hypothermia (33-34...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 161, ISSUE 1, P112-120, JANUARY 01, 2022 Antibiotic Timing and Progression to Septic Shock Among Patients in the ED With Suspected Infection Roshan Bisarya, Xing Song, John Salle, et al Chest 2022; 161: 112-120 Background Recent medical society opinions have questioned the use of early antimicrobials in patients with sepsis, but without septic shock. Research Question Is time from ED presentation...

Association Between Age and Neurological Outcomes in OHCA There is very little information about the differences in outcomes between young and old patients who receive extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). In this study, researchers aimed to investigate the differences in outcomes between patients aged 75 years and older and patients younger than 75 years. All patients included in the analysis were those w...

Original Investigation January 10, 2022 Association of a Third Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine With Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Health Care Workers in Israel Avishay Spitzer, Yoel Angel, Or Marudi, et al JAMA. 2022;327(4):341-349. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23641 Key Points Question  What is the association between immunization with a third (booster) dose of BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among im...

CORRESPONDENCE Third BNT162b2 Vaccination Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection Ital Nemet, Limor Kliker, Yaniv Lustig, et al N Engl J Med December 29, 2021DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2119358 TO THE EDITOR: On November 26, 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) named the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first detected in South Africa, as a variant of concern.1 By November 29, 2021, thre...

Efficacy, Appropriateness of Antibiotic Use in the ICU The frequency of antibiotic-resistant pathogens continues to increase, resulting in higher community-acquired infections and high mortality rates in critically ill patients. In this review, the researchers critically appraise available evidence through a comprehensive literature review to investigate effective empiric antibiotic administration and appropriateness on outcomes of critically ill patients who ar...

Original Investigation January 25, 2022 Myocarditis Cases Reported After mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccination in the US From December 2020 to August 2021 Matthew E. Oster, David K. Shay, John R. Su, et al JAMA. 2022;327(4):331-340. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24110 Key Points Question  What is the risk of myocarditis after mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination in the US? Findings  In this descriptive study of 1626 cases of myocarditis i...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Angiography after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest without ST-Segment Elevation Steffen Desch, Anne Freund, Ibrahim Akin, et al N Engl J Med 2021; 385:2544-2553DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2101909 Abstract BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction is a frequent cause of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, the benefits of early coronary angiography and revascularization in resuscitated patients without electrocardiographic evidence of ST-segment elevatio...