Brief Report  October 12, 2023 Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation Anthony D. Harris, Lisa Pineles, J. Kristie Johnson, et al JAMA. Published online October 12, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.21083 Key Points Question  What is the statewide prevalence of 2 emerging pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris, among patients receiving mechan...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Preexisting Autoimmunity Is Associated With Increased Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Data From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)  Arjun S Yadaw,  David K Sahner,  Hythem Sidky,  et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 77, Issue 6, 15 September 2023, Pages 816–826 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad294 Abstract Background Identifying individuals with a higher risk of developing ...

ICU Management & Practice, Volume 22 - Issue 5, 2022 Imaging the Critically Ill Patient: Echocardiography Current applications and limitations of critical care echocardiography in the critical care context and its use in guiding the care of the critically ill patient. Echocardiography in the ICU Echocardiography is currently considered an essential diagnostic tool at the disposal of the intensivist – a significant change from less than two decades ago...

Noninvasive Oxygenation Strategies in Adult Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis Tyler Pitre, Dena Zeraatkar, George V Kachkovski, et al Chest 2023; 164: 913-928 Abstract Background: Several recently published randomized controlled trials have evaluated various noninvasive oxygenation strategies for the treatment of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Research question: Which available n...

Editor's Note  October 9, 2023 FDA Regulations of AI-Driven Clinical Decision Support Devices Fall Short Anand R. Habib, Cary P. Gross JAMA Intern Med. Published online October 9, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5006 We are entering a new era of computerized clinical decision support (CDS) tools. Companies are increasingly using artificial intelligence and/or machine learning (AI/ML) to develop new CDS devices, which ...

Oxygen Targets and the Future of Critical Care Clinical Research Stephanie C. DeMasi,  Wesley H. Self, Matthew W. Semler Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208: 746-748 In this issue of the Journal, van der Wal and colleagues (pp. 770–779) report the findings of the “ConservatIve versus CONventional oxygenation targets in Intensive Care patients” (ICONIC) trial, a randomized trial that compared the use of a lower oxygenation target (PaO2 = 5...

Original Investigation  October 11, 2023 Gender Differences in Medicare Practice and Payments to Neurosurgeons Temitope O. Oshinowo, Michael S. Rallo, Clemens M. Schirmer, et al JAMA Surg. Published online October 11, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.4988 Key Points Question  Is there variation in reimbursements to neurosurgeons based on gender? Findings  In this cross-sectional stud...

EDITORIAL Universal Decolonization in Nursing Homes — Apparent Benefits but Feasible? Morgan J. Katz, Sara E. Cosgrove N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1815-1816DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2311215 Nursing homes house a population most at risk for prolonged colonization with multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) owing to the residents’ older age, repeat health care and antibiotic exposures, and ongoing contact with other persons with colonization.1 Although nursing homes pose...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Decolonization in Nursing Homes to Prevent Infection and Hospitalization Loren G. Miller, James A. McKinnell, Raveena D. Singh, et al N Engl J Med October 10, 2023DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2215254 Abstract BACKGROUND Nursing home residents are at high risk for infection, hospitalization, and colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms. METHODS We performed a cluster-randomized trial of universal decolonization as compared with ro...

EDITORIAL| VOLUME 164, ISSUE 4, P826-828, OCTOBER 2023 Breaking a Sweat to Catch Your Breath: Exercise Therapy Improves Dyspnea After Acute Pulmonary Embolism Alexander E. Sullivan, Evan L. Brittain Chest 2023; 164: 826-828 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2023.05.033 Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a sentinel event for many patients; despite guideline-directed treatment of the acute event, up to 50% of patients will experience a pattern of dyspnea...