CORRESPONDENCE SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Neutralization in Serum from Vaccinated and Convalescent Persons Annika Rössler, Lydia Riepler, David Bante, et al N Engl J Med January 12, 2022DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2119236 TO THE EDITOR: During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, several new viral variants have emerged, leading to the virus becoming more contagious. However, efficient immune escape has not been observed, and vacc...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Mosquito Net Use in Early Childhood and Survival to Adulthood in Tanzania Günther Fink, Sigilbert Mrema, Salim Abdulla, et al N Engl J Med 2022; 386:428-436DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2112524 Abstract BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized that in high-transmission settings, malaria control in early childhood (<5 years of age) might delay the acquisition of functional immunity and shift child deaths from younger to older ages. METHODS We us...

ARTICLE Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge Ben Killingley, Alex Mann, Mariya Kalinova, et al https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1121993/v1 Abstract To establish a novel SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model, 36 volunteers aged 18-29 years without evidence of previous infection or vaccination were inoculated with 10 TCID50 of a wild-type virus (SARS-CoV-2/human/GBR/484861/2020) intranasally. Two participants were excl...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 161, ISSUE 1, P97-111, JANUARY 01, 2022 The Usefulness of the Rapid Shallow Breathing Index in Predicting Successful Extubation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Vatsal Trivedi, Dipayan Chaudhuri, Rehman Jinah, et al Chest 2022; 161: 97-111 Background Clinicians use several measures to ascertain whether individual patients will tolerate liberation from mechanical ventilation, including the rapid s...

Original Investigation Caring for the Critically Ill PatientFebruary 1, 2022 Effect of Moderate Hypothermia vs Normothermia on 30-Day Mortality in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Receiving Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Randomized Clinical Trial Bruno Levy, Nicolas Girerd, Julien Amour, et al JAMA. 2022;327(5):442-453. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.24776 Key Points Question  Does early use of moderate hypothermia (33-34...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 161, ISSUE 1, P112-120, JANUARY 01, 2022 Antibiotic Timing and Progression to Septic Shock Among Patients in the ED With Suspected Infection Roshan Bisarya, Xing Song, John Salle, et al Chest 2022; 161: 112-120 Background Recent medical society opinions have questioned the use of early antimicrobials in patients with sepsis, but without septic shock. Research Question Is time from ED presentation...

Association Between Age and Neurological Outcomes in OHCA There is very little information about the differences in outcomes between young and old patients who receive extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). In this study, researchers aimed to investigate the differences in outcomes between patients aged 75 years and older and patients younger than 75 years. All patients included in the analysis were those w...

Original Investigation January 10, 2022 Association of a Third Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine With Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Health Care Workers in Israel Avishay Spitzer, Yoel Angel, Or Marudi, et al JAMA. 2022;327(4):341-349. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23641 Key Points Question  What is the association between immunization with a third (booster) dose of BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among im...

CORRESPONDENCE Third BNT162b2 Vaccination Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection Ital Nemet, Limor Kliker, Yaniv Lustig, et al N Engl J Med December 29, 2021DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2119358 TO THE EDITOR: On November 26, 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) named the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first detected in South Africa, as a variant of concern.1 By November 29, 2021, thre...

Efficacy, Appropriateness of Antibiotic Use in the ICU The frequency of antibiotic-resistant pathogens continues to increase, resulting in higher community-acquired infections and high mortality rates in critically ill patients. In this review, the researchers critically appraise available evidence through a comprehensive literature review to investigate effective empiric antibiotic administration and appropriateness on outcomes of critically ill patients who ar...