Research Effect of oral antimicrobial prophylaxis on surgical site infection after elective colorectal surgery: multicentre, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial Emmanuel Futier, Samir Jaber, Matthias Garot, et al BMJ 2022; 379 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-071476 (Published 03 November 2022)Cite this as: BMJ 2022;379:e071476 Abstract Objective To investigate whether oral antimicrobial prophylaxis as an adjunct to intravenous anti...

Impact of Health Information Technology in Acute Care Settings Critically ill patients admitted to inpatient facilities are often at risk of acute physiologic deterioration. This deterioration can lead to prolonged hospitalisation, admission to the ICU, and cardiorespiratory arrest. Often, a patient's worsening condition remains undetected for hours before the escalation of care. Strategies have been used to recognise deterioration early, ranging from ale...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries NIHR Global Research Health Unit on Global Surgery Lancet Published:October 31, 2022 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01884-0 Summary Background Surgical site infection (SSI) remains the most common complicati...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Personalised cooler dialysate for patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis (MyTEMP): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial The MyTEMP writing committee Lancet Published: November 04, 2022 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01805-0 Summary Background Haemodialysis centres have conventionally provided maintenance haemodialysis using a standard dialysate temperature (eg, 36·5°C) for all patients. Many centres now use cool...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 400, ISSUE 10363, P1607-1617, NOVEMBER 05, 2022 Elective surgery system strengthening: development, measurement, and validation of the surgical preparedness index across 1632 hospitals in 119 countries NIHR Global Health Unit on Global Surgery, COVIDSurg Collaborative Lancet 2022; 400: 1607-1617  Summary Background The 2015 Lancet Commission on global surgery identified surgery and anaesthesia as indispensable parts of holistic...

Extended Prone Positioning for COVID-19 ARDS COVID-19 has resulted in an estimated 270,000 hospitalisations in ICUs in Europe between May 2020 and March 2022. Nearly 80% of these patients have required tracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation. While there is still an ongoing debate whether acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) physiopathology is the same in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients, there is consensus on the benefits of prone position....

ARTICLES| VOLUME 400, ISSUE 10363, P1597-1606, NOVEMBER 05, 2022 Helicobacter pylori eradication for primary prevention of peptic ulcer bleeding in older patients prescribed aspirin in primary care (HEAT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Chris Hawkey, Anthony Avery, Carol A C Coupland, et al Lancet 2022; 400: 1597-1606 Summary Background Peptic ulcers in patients receiving aspirin are associated with Helicobacter pylori inf...

EDUCATION AND CLINICAL PRACTICE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 162, ISSUE 4, P861-871, OCTOBER 01, 2022 High-Flow Nasal Cannula Reduces Effort of Breathing But Not Consistently via Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Robert D. Guglielmo, Justin C. Hotz, Patrick A. Ross, et al Chest 2022; 162: 861-871 Background High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy reduces the effort of breathing in patients with bronchiolitis, but the mechanisms are not understood...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Early Amino Acids in Extremely Preterm Infants and Neurodisability at 2 Years Frank H. Bloomfield, Yannan Jiang, Jane E. Harding, et al N Engl J Med 2022; 387:1661-1672DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2204886 Abstract BACKGROUND Whether higher parenteral amino acid intake improves outcomes in infants with extremely low birth weight is unclear. METHODS In this multicenter, parallel-group, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we ass...

Prehospital Time and In-Hospital Trauma Mortality Time has always been considered an essential determinant of outcome in the early care of trauma patients, and the concept of trauma as a time-sensitive condition has been part of education and policy for decades. However, data on system performance from physician-staffed EMS are far less abundant than data from EMS systems. Physician-staffed EMS is believed to add complexity by performing more interventions that cou...