ORIGINAL ARTICLE Aspirin or Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Thromboprophylaxis after a Fracture Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC) N Engl J Med 2023; 388:203-213DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2205973 Abstract BACKGROUND Clinical guidelines recommend low-molecular-weight heparin for thromboprophylaxis in patients with fractures, but trials of its effectiveness as compared with aspirin are lacking. METHODS In this pragmatic, multicenter, randomi...

Management of the Acutely Unwell Child Nearly one-quarter of the world’s population are children aged 0–14 years, with this proportion rising to almost 50% in some countries. Children account for nearly one-fifth of all emergency department visits in the USA and U.K., with an increasing trend of emergency admissions requiring intensive care. Data from emergency departments in England and the U.S. report that approximately 20% of individuals are aged 14 y and u...

Medical News & Perspectives  Quick Uptakes January 11, 2023 Swab the Throat as Well as the Nose? The Debate Over the Best Way to Test for SARS-CoV-2 Rita Rubin JAMA. Published online January 11, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.23311 Three times over 5 days. That’s the most recent advice from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), posted in December 2022, about how often asymptomatic people should take rapid antigen tests to make sur...

Editorial  January 12, 2023 Lack of Benefit of Fluvoxamine for COVID-19 Adarsh Bhimraj, Jason C. Gallagher JAMA. Published online January 12, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.23954 The COVID-19 pandemic caught society unprepared. The lack of therapeutic agents for coronaviruses led to a scramble to investigate approved medications for repurposing against SARS-CoV-2.1 Successes were achieved with immunomodulatory agents for the inflammatory di...

Original Investigation  January 12, 2023 Effect of Fluvoxamine vs Placebo on Time to Sustained Recovery in Outpatients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial Matthew W. McCarthy, Susanna Naggie, David R. Boulware, et al JAMA. Published online January 12, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.24100 Key Points Question  Does 50 mg of fluvoxamine twice daily for 10 days, compared with placebo, shorten symptom duration amo...

NEWS 18 January 2023 ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove At least four articles credit the AI tool as a co-author, as publishers scramble to regulate its use. Chris Stokel-Walker Nature 613, 620-621 (2023) doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00107-z The artificial-intelligence chatbot ChatGPT is disrupting many industries, including academia.Credit: Iryna Imago/Shutterstock The artificial-intelligence (AI) ...

Research Letter  January 17, 2023 Timing of Blood Draws Among Patients Hospitalized in a Large Academic Medical Center César Caraballo, Shiwani Mahajan, Karthik Murugiah, et al JAMA. 2023;329(3):255-257. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.21509 Sleep is a key element of patient care and experience, and its deprivation among hospitalized patients is an important stressor that increases their risk of adverse events during and after hospitalization.1-3&...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient January 17, 2023 Effect of Early High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Standard Oxygen Therapy on Length of Hospital Stay in Hospitalized Children With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: The PARIS-2 Randomized Clinical Trial Donna Franklin, Franz E. Babl, Shane George, et al JAMA. 2023;329(3):224-234. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.21805 Key Points Question  Does the early use of nasa...

Original Investigation  January 17, 2023 Effect of Torsemide vs Furosemide After Discharge on All-Cause Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure: The TRANSFORM-HF Randomized Clinical Trial Robert J. Mentz, Kevin J. Anstrom, Eric L. Eisenstein, et al JAMA. 2023;329(3):214-223. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.23924 Key Points Question  Does torsemide reduce all-cause mortality compared with furosemide in patients with heart fail...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Early Treatment with Pegylated Interferon Lambda for Covid-19 Gilmar Reis, Eduardo A.S. Moreira Silva, Daniela C. Medeiros Silva, et al N Engl J Med 2023; 388:518-528DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2209760 Abstract BACKGROUND The efficacy of a single dose of pegylated interferon lambda in preventing clinical events among outpatients with acute symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear. METHODS We conducted a randomized, control...