Original Investigation  Liberal or Restrictive Postoperative Transfusion in Patients at High Cardiac Risk: The TOP Randomized Clinical Trial Panos Kougias, Sherene E. Sharath, Min Zhan, et al JAMA Published Online: November 8, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.20841 Key Points Question  Does a liberal transfusion strategy compared with a restrictive strategy decrease the risk of death or major ischemi...

Original Investigation  Discordance in Creatinine- and Cystatin C-Based eGFR and Clinical Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis Michelle M. Estrella, Shoshana H. Ballew, Yingying Sang, et al JAMA Published Online: November 7, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.17578 Key Points Question  Do individuals with a cystatin C–based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcys) value at least 30% lower than their creatin...

Original Investigation  Environmental Health Heat- and Cold-Related Mortality Burden in the US From 2000 to 2020 Lingzhi Chu, Robert Dubrow, Kai Chen JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(11):e2542269. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.42269 Key Points Question  From 2000 to 2020 in the contiguous US, what were the spatiotemporal patterns in the mortality burden from nonoptimal temperatures? Findings  This case s...

The Rapidly Growing Problem of Scientific Fraud  In ICU Fri, 8 Aug 2025 Over the past several centuries, science has evolved into a critical enterprise supported by states and societies worldwide. This contract between scientists and society promises that in exchange for creating new knowledge and training skilled workers, scientists receive rewarding careers, public recognition, and resources. This model has driven remarkable growth in scientific...

Original Investigation  Azelastine Nasal Spray for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial Thorsten Lehr, Peter Meiser, Dominik Selzer, et al JAMA Intern Med 2025;185;(11):1309-1317. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.4283 Key Points Question  Is regular application of azelastine nasal spray associated with reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections? Findings  In this ran...

Original Investigation  Gastroenterology and Hepatology Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Plus Insulin in Hypertriglyceridemic Acute Pancreatitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial Wenhua He, Ling Ding, Zhijun Liu, et al JAMA Netw Open 2025;8;(11):e2542124. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.42124 Key Points Question  Is low-molecular-weight heparin combined with insulin superior to insulin alone in improving clinical...

Targeted Post-Acute Interventions and Follow-Up Services for Sepsis Survivors In Sepsis Thu, 14 Aug 2025 Sepsis is a life-threatening condition marked by a dysregulated immune response, causing inflammation, tissue damage, and organ failure. It contributes to around 20% of global deaths and often leads to long-term impairments in survivors, known as post-sepsis syndrome (PSS), which can include physical, cognitive, and psychological symptoms such as fa...

Feature Christmas 2025: Black Mirror What does a doctor look like? Asking AI Sati Heer-Stavert BMJ 2025; 391 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2025-088968 (Published 17 December 2025)Cite this as: BMJ 2025;391:e088968 What does a doctor look like? AI generated images of doctors, using ChatGPT (GPT-5.1 Thinking) using this prompt: "Against a neutral background, generate a single photorealistic headshot of [an NHS/a UK/a US] doctor whose specialty is [X]"...

Articles Inhaled isoflurane for sedation of mechanically ventilated children in intensive care (IsoCOMFORT): a multicentre, randomised, active-control, assessor-masked, non-inferiority phase 3 trial Jordi Miatello, Alba Palacios-Cuesta, Peter Radell, et al Lancet Respir Med 2025; 13: 897-910 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(25)00203-6 Summary Background Inhaled sedation for mechanical ventilation in patients who are critically ill is emerging as an ...

Opinion Christmas 2025 A dictionary for medicine’s unnamed moments Matt Morgan BMJ 2025; 391 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.r2476 (Published 01 December 2025)Cite this as: BMJ 2025;391:r2476 Matt Morgan shares some words that capture what medicine feels like when no ICD code will do Words matter. In medicine, they act as scalpel and suture. They are the only operating instruments we carry into every conversation. They diagnose, they console, the...