CHEST INFECTIONS: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 163, ISSUE 6, P1380-1389, JUNE 2023Download Full Issue Guideline-Concordant Antibiotic Therapy for the Hospital Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia and 1-Year All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Older Adult Patients Surviving to Discharge Vicente F. Corrales-Medina, Carl van Walraven Chest 2023; 163: 1380-1389 Published:January 04, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2022.12.035 Bac...

Editorial  July 10, 2023 Translating Clinical Trial Results to Clinical Practice During a Pandemic Andre C. Kalil, Angela Huttner, Carlos A. Gomez JAMA. Published online July 10, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.11260 In February 2020, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) launched a public-private partnership, the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT) network,1,2 followed in April 2020 by the Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventi...

Non-invasive Oxygenation Strategies for Acute Hypoxaemic Respiratory Failure Non-invasive oxygenation strategies such as high-flow nasal cannula, continuous positive airway pressure, and non-invasive bilevel ventilation can effectively avoid intubation in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure. These strategies can be delivered through interfaces like facemasks or helmets. Avoiding unnecessary intubation has become even more highlighted during the COVID...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 164, ISSUE 1, P101-113, JULY 2023Download Full Issue Monocyte Distribution Width as a Diagnostic Marker for Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Alexandra Malinovska, Benjamin Hernried, Andrew Lin, et al Chest 2023; 164: 101-113 Published:January 18, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2022.12.049 Background Monocyte distribution width (MDW) is an emerging biomarker for infection. I...

CRITICAL CARE: ORIGINAL RESEARCH| VOLUME 164, ISSUE 1, P90-100, JULY 2023Download Full Issue Contamination of Blood Cultures From Arterial Catheters and Peripheral Venipuncture in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Diagnostic Study Izumi Nakayama, Junichi Izawa, Koichiro Gibo, et al Chest 2023; 164: 90-100 Published:January 29, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2023.01.030 Background Collecting blood cultures from in...

COMMENT|ONLINE FIRST A negative trial for vasoactive intestinal peptide in COVID-19-associated acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure Warren L Lee, Arthur S Slutsky Lancet Respir Med Published:June 19, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00218-7 In The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Samuel M Brown and colleagues1 report the results of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial of aviptadil, the synthetic form of the 28-amino-acid neuropeptide vasoactive ...

Automated Antibiotic Dosing Sepsis is a major challenge in intensive care medicine with high morbidity and mortality. Early and proper use of antibiotics is crucial for effective treatment. Personalising antibiotic dosing is essential. However, maintaining adequate antibiotic exposure can be challenging, particularly for critically ill patients, as changes in organ function and fluid balance can affect the clearance and distribution of antibiotics. This results ...

RESEARCH ARTICLE Patterns of antibiotic use, pathogens, and prediction of mortality in hospitalized neonates and young infants with sepsis: A global neonatal sepsis observational cohort study (NeoOBS) Neal J. Russell, Wolfgang Stöhr, Nishad Plakkal, et al PLoS Med Published: June 8, 2023 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004179 Abstract Background There is limited data on antibiotic treatment in hospitalized neonates in low- and middle-income coun...

Original Investigation  July 10, 2023 Abatacept, Cenicriviroc, or Infliximab for Treatment of Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial Jane A. O’Halloran, Emily R. Ko, Kevin J. Anstrom, et al JAMA. Published online July 10, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.11043 Key Points Question  Do abatacept, cenicriviroc, or infliximab improve time to recovery for patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia compa...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Intravenous aviptadil and remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19-associated hypoxaemic respiratory failure in the USA (TESICO): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial Samuel M Brown, Christina E Barkauskas, Birgit Grund, et al Lancet Respir Med Published:June 19, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00147-9 Summary Background There is a clinical need for therapeutics for COVID-19 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory fail...