Editorial  August 28, 2023 The Need for Randomized Clinical Trials Demonstrating Reduction in All-Cause Mortality With Blood Tests for Cancer Screening Sanket S. Dhruva, Rebecca Smith-Bindman, Rita F. Redberg JAMA Intern Med. 2023;183(10):1051-1053. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3610 In recent years, blood tests that look for circulating tumor DNA and biomarkers (termed liquid biopsies) have been developed. As Carr and Welch describe in this issu...

Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in the ICU Sepsis is a frequently encountered condition that leads to severe illness and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is commonly accompanied by acute kidney injury (AKI), known as sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI). The relationship between sepsis and AKI has been investigated in prior studies. However, the absence of a consistent and standardised definition has hindered the interpreta...

Research Letter  October 5, 2023 Risk of Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Associated With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss Mohit Sodhi, Ramin Rezaeianzadeh, Abbas Kezouh, et al JAMA. Published online October 5, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.19574 Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists are medications approved for treatment of diabetes that recently have also been used off label for we...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 22, ISSUE 10, P925-933, OCTOBER 2023Download Full Issue The Neurological Pupil index for outcome prognostication in people with acute brain injury (ORANGE): a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study Mauro Oddo, Fabio S Taccone, Matteo Petrosino, et al Lancet Neurol 2023; 22: 925-933 Published:August 28, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(23)00271-5 Summary Background Improving the prognostication o...

Original Investigation  Diabetes and Endocrinology September 20, 2023 Surrogate Adiposity Markers and Mortality Irfan Khan, Michael Chong, Ann Le, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(9):e2334836. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34836 Key Points Question  Among body mass index, fat mass index, and waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio, what is the optimal adiposity measure with the strongest association with mor...

Original Investigation  October 3, 2023 Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, Albuminuria, and Adverse Outcomes: An Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis Writing Group for the CKD Prognosis Consortium JAMA. 2023;330(13):1266-1277. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.17002 Key Points Question  Are lower values for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR based on either creatinine alone or creatinine and cystatin C) and more severe a...

Intraoperative Oxygen Administration in OPCAB Maintaining adequate oxygen delivery (DO2) to peripheral tissues during surgery is crucial, as factors like acute blood loss or fluid shifts can threaten oxygen supply. Surgery patients often receive higher fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO2) to ensure sufficient oxygen and perfusion. However, this practice can lead to supraphysiological oxygen levels, resulting in oxidative stress, vasoconstriction, and microcirculator...

Original Investigation  October 3, 2023 Adherence to CPAP Treatment and the Risk of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events: A Meta-Analysis Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre, Esther Gracia-Lavedan, Ivan D. Benitez, et al JAMA. 2023;330(13):1255-1265. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.17465 Key Points Question  Is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular advers...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Global Effect of Modifiable Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality The Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1273-1285DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2206916 Abstract BACKGROUND Five modifiable risk factors are associated with cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. Studies using individual-level data to evaluate the regional and sex-specific prevalence of the risk factors and their effect on these outcom...

Original Investigation  October 3, 2023 Remote Ischemic Conditioning for Acute Stroke: The RESIST Randomized Clinical Trial Rolf Ankerlund Blauenfeldt, Niels Hjort, Jan Brink Valentin, et al JAMA. 2023;330(13):1236-1246. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.16893 Key Points Question  Does combined prehospital and in-hospital remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) improve functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke or intracerebral hem...