Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With Acute Brain Injury Acute brain injury (BI) affects millions of patients each year, with high mortality rates and significant disability. Invasive mechanical ventilation is often required for the most severe cases of BI. These patients frequently experience respiratory complications, such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can result in longer ventilator times and poor outcomes. ...

Original Investigation  August 23, 2023 Timing of Cholecystectomy After Moderate and Severe Acute Biliary Pancreatitis Marcello Di Martino, Benedetto Ielpo, Francesco Pata, et al JAMA Surg. Published online August 23, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.3660 Key Points Question  Is performing early cholecystectomy in patients with moderately severe and severe acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) safe? ...

Invited Commentary  August 16, 2023 Lung Transplant for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Emily Cerier, Ankit Bharat JAMA Surg. Published online August 16, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.3474 Accumulating evidence using data from individual centers,1 as well as national registries,2,3 substantiating the advantages of lung transplant for patients who experience irreversible lung damage due to COVID-19 infection, finds an essential...

Original Investigation  July 17, 2023 Efficacy of a Clinical Decision Rule to Enable Direct Oral Challenge in Patients With Low-Risk Penicillin Allergy: The PALACE Randomized Clinical Trial Ana Maria Copaescu, Sara Vogrin, Fiona James, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online July 17, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.2986 Key Points Question  Is direct oral penicillin challenge in adults with...

ICU Management & Practice, Volume 23 - Issue 3, 2023 Current Airway Management During Anaesthesia - The STARGATE Study An overview of the International obServational sTudy on AiRway manaGement in operAting room and non-operaTing room anaEsthesia (STARGATE study) that will collect information on peri-intubation adverse events and airway management procedures in adult patients undergoing general anaesthesia to receive surgery or other diagnostic/therapeutic p...

Invited Commentary  May 17, 2023 Increasing Funding for Surgeon-Scientists—Lowering the Bar Is Not the Answer Katherine A. Gallagher, Justin B. Dimick JAMA Surg. 2023;158(7):765. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.1580 In this issue of JAMA Surgery, Nguyen et al1 conducted a rigorous evaluation of National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding among surgical departments. They found that, from 1995 to 2000, the number of primary investigators in surgery d...

Original Investigation  August 7, 2023 Prospective Associations of Different Combinations of Aerobic and Muscle-Strengthening Activity With All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality Rubén López-Bueno, Matthew Ahmadi, Emmanuel Stamatakis, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online August 7, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3093 Key Points Question  What is the optimal combination of modera...

#EA23: EU-HyProtect Study and Predictive Haemodynamic Monitoring New evidence on predictive haemodyanmic monitoring software was presented this week at the Euroanaesthesia Congress in Glasgow.  The EU-HyProtect Registry was created to investigate the occurrence, duration, and seriousness of intraoperative hypotension in patients monitored using Acumen Hypotension Prediction Index software (Acumen HPI software) during elective major non-cardiac surgery. This...

Original Investigation  August 22/29, 2023 Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass and Risk of Stroke and Death in Patients With Symptomatic Artery Occlusion: The CMOSS Randomized Clinical Trial Yan Ma, Tao Wang, Haibo Wang, et al JAMA. 2023;330(8):704-714. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.13390 Key Points Question  Among symptomatic patients with atherosclerotic occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA) with e...

Original Investigation  July 24, 2023 Excess Death Rates for Republican and Democratic Registered Voters in Florida and Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic Jacob Wallace, Paul Goldsmith-Pinkham, Jason L. Schwartz JAMA Intern Med. Published online July 24, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.1154 Key Points Question  Was political party affiliation a risk factor associated with excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Flori...