Invited Commentary  August 7, 2023 The Penicillin Allergy Decision Rule—Something New for Penicillin Allergy Allison Ramsey, S. Shahzad Mustafa JAMA Intern Med. Published online August 7, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3936 For the birth of something new, there has to be a happening. Newton saw an apple fall; James Watt watched a kettle boil; Roentgen fogged some photographic plates. And these people knew enough to translate ordinary h...

Original Investigation  August 30, 2023 Differences in Cholecystectomy Outcomes and Operating Time Between Male and Female Surgeons in Sweden My Blohm, Gabriel Sandblom, Lars Enochsson, et al JAMA Surg. Published online August 30, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.3736 Key Points Question  Is there an association between surgeon gender and surgical outcomes in cholecystectomy? Findings  In this population-based cohort ...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Expedited transfer to a cardiac arrest centre for non-ST-elevation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (ARREST): a UK prospective, multicentre, parallel, randomised clinical trial Tiffany Patterson, Gavin D Perkins, Alexander Perkins, et al. Lancet Published:August 27, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01351-X Summary Background The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has called for a randomised trial of deli...

EDITORIAL Glucose Control in the ICU Guillermo E. Umpierrez N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1234-1237DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2309442 Randomized, controlled trials aiming for near-normal glycemic targets (80 to 110 mg per deciliter [4.4 to 6.1 mmol per liter]) in critically ill patients have shown conflicting data regarding the benefits of intensive glycemic control (Table 1). In 2001, Van den Berghe et al. reported a dramatic 42% lower mortality among patients in the surgica...

Editorial  August 22/29, 2023 Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery for Stroke Prevention Seemant Chaturvedi, J. Marc Simard JAMA. 2023;330(8):697-698. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.11166 The concept of performing an extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) arterial bypass operation for a patient with an internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion is intuitively appealing. In these patients, it is believed that areas of hypope...

Research Letter  August 28, 2023 Portrayal of Women as Physicians in Movies, 1990-2020 Bismarck C. Odei, Sofia Herrera, Christina Huang, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online August 28, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.2913 Women have been underrepresented in professional roles in movies, causing concern about perpetuation of gender stereotypes.1-4 We examined the portrayal of women as physicians ...

Understanding Medication Errors in the ICU Medication use is a fundamental aspect of healthcare. The process of administering medication involves numerous steps. Within a single medication administration sequence, there can be a range of 80 to 200 individual steps. Each of these steps represents a potential opportunity for a medication error, thus highlighting the importance of thorough and vigilant medication management practices. Medication errors remain a pre...

Original Investigation  August 28, 2023 Estimated Lifetime Gained With Cancer Screening Tests: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Michael Bretthauer, Paulina Wieszczy, Magnus Løberg, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online August 28, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3798 Key Points Question  Cancer screening tests are promoted to save lives, but how much is life extended due to co...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tight Blood-Glucose Control without Early Parenteral Nutrition in the ICU Jan Gunst, Yves Debaveye, Fabian Güiza, et al N Engl J Med 2023; 389:1180-1190DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2304855 Abstract BACKGROUND Randomized, controlled trials have shown both benefit and harm from tight blood-glucose control in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Variation in the use of early parenteral nutrition and in insulin-induced severe hypoglycemia might ...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Ultra-low tidal volume ventilation for COVID-19-related ARDS in France (VT4COVID): a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised trial Jean-Christophe Richard, Nicolas Terzi, Hodane Yonis, et al. Lancet Respir Med Published:July 12, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00221-7 Summary Background COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with a high mortality rate and longer mechan...