Research Letter  November 20, 2023 School Performance in Third Grade After a Full-Day vs Part-Day Preschool Program Arthur J. Reynolds, Nicole E. Smerillo, Suh-Ruu Ou, et al JAMA. Published online November 20, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.20010 Preschool improves educational outcomes and well-being, especially for economically disadvantaged children.1 Most evidence is from part-day programs. Whether full-day preschool (FDP) promotes susta...

Time Definition of Reintubation Mechanical ventilation is crucial for supporting critically ill patients, and a timely extubation strategy is essential for improved patient outcomes. Despite standard weaning procedures, a significant percentage of patients (3-20%) require reintubation. Post-extubation respiratory failure can cause respiratory fatigue, requiring additional mechanical ventilation. This results in prolonged ICU stay, increased costs, and increased in-...

Original Investigation  August 30, 2023 Surgeon Sex and Long-Term Postoperative Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Common Surgeries Christopher J. D. Wallis, Angela Jerath, Khatereh Aminoltejari, et al JAMA Surg. 2023;158(11):1185-1194. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.3744 Key Points Question  Is there an association between surgeon sex and patients’ long-term postoperative outcomes? Findings  ...

Invited Commentary  November 6, 2023 The Risks of Being in Limbo in the Emergency Department Timothy S. Anderson, Shoshana J. Herzig JAMA Intern Med. Published online November 6, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5953 Overcrowding of emergency departments (EDs) and hospitals is a growing public health concern in response to a confluence of increased demand for ED care, staffing shortages, and hospital consolidation—all overlaying a witheri...

Conservative versus Liberal Oxygenation Targets in Intensive Care Unit Patients (ICONIC): A Randomized Clinical Trial L. Imeen van der Wal,  Chloe C. A. Grim,  Michael R. del Prado, et al Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208: 770-779 Abstract Rationale: Supplemental oxygen is widely administered to ICU patients, but appropriate oxygenation targets remain unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether a low-oxygenation strategy would low...

Data to Track Incidence, Mortality for SARS-CoV-2–Associated Sepsis Sepsis is a life-threatening condition resulting from a dysregulated response to infection, historically associated with bacterial infections. However, viral infections are increasingly recognised as significant contributors to sepsis, especially with events like the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and surges of respiratory viruses like RSV and influenza. Despite this, comprehensive data on the incidence and m...

Original Investigation  September 18, 2023 Comparison of Hospital Online Price and Telephone Price for Shoppable Services Merina Thomas, James Flaherty, Jiefei Wang, et al JAMA Intern Med. 2023;183(11):1214-1220. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.4753 Key Points Question  How well do US hospitals’ online prices posted for shoppable services correlate with their prices for the same service obtained via the te...

ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) The latest articles published in our Journal, directly in your mailbox. As of this week, we will also share short profiles of our editors, so that you can learn more about the research interests and accomplishments of our team.  LATEST ARTICLES OriginalAssociation of language concordance and restraint use in adults receiving mechanical ventilationGershengorn H. B. et al. Magnesium sulphate in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic...

Original Investigation  May 25, 2023 Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Tanayott Thaweethai, Sarah E. Jolley, Elizabeth W. Karlson, et al JAMA. 2023;329(22):1934-1946. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8823 Key Points Question  What symptoms are differentially present in SARS-CoV-2–infected individuals 6 months or more after infection compared with uninfected individuals, and what symptom-based criteria can be us...

Tight Blood-Glucose Control Without Early Parenteral Nutrition Randomised, controlled trials conducted in ICUs show mixed results regarding the benefits and risks of tight blood glucose control. This inconsistency in findings may be attributed to differences in the administration of early parenteral nutrition and the occurrence of insulin-induced severe hypoglycaemia. In this study, patients admitted to the ICU were randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving...