Leading health agencies outline updated terminology for pathogens that transmit through the air 18 April 2024  News release Following consultation with public health agencies and experts, the World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a global technical consultation report introducing updated terminology for pathogens that transmit through the air. The pathogens covered include those that cause respiratory infections, e.g. COVID-19, influenza, measles, Middle...

Original Investigation  March 25, 2024 Inappropriate Diagnosis of Pneumonia Among Hospitalized Adults Ashwin B. Gupta, Scott A. Flanders, Lindsay A. Petty, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online March 25, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0077 Key Points Question  In hospitalized patients diagnosed with pneumonia, what is the incidence of and factors associated with inappropriate diagnosis? ...

Original Investigation  March 25, 2024 Effectiveness of an Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Intervention for Detecting Clinical Deterioration Robert J. Gallo, Lisa Shieh, Margaret Smith, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online March 25, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0084 Key Points Question  Is an artificial intelligence (AI) deterioration model–enabled intervention associated with a decre...

Original Investigation  Critical Care Medicine February 6, 2024 Early Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury and Obesity Yoon Hae Ahn, Si Mong Yoon, Jinwoo Lee, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(2):e2354923. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54923 Key Points Question  In critically ill patients with sepsis, is obesity associated with incidence of early sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI)? Findings  In this ...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient May 19, 2024 Acetaminophen for Prevention and Treatment of Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: The ASTER Randomized Clinical Trial Lorraine B. Ware, D. Clark Files, Alpha Fowler, et al JAMA. Published online May 19, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8772 Key Points Question  Does acetaminophen (paracetamol) improve respiratory, circulatory, or kidney...

Routine Metagenomics Service for ICU Patients with Respiratory Infection Themoula Charalampous,  Adela Alcolea-Medina,  Luke B. Snell, et al Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209; 164-174 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202305-0901OC  Abstract Rationale: Respiratory metagenomics (RMg) needs evaluation in a pilot service setting to determine utility and inform implementation into routine clinical practice. Objectives: Feasibility, performance, a...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 12, ISSUE 2, E235-E242, FEBRUARY 2024 Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery Lancet Glob Health Published: February, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00538-7 ...

Original Investigation  February 6, 2024 Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years Leora R. Feldstein, Amadea Britton, Lauren Grant, et al JAMA. 2024;331(5):408-416. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.27022 Key Points Question  What is the effectiveness of the bivalent COVID-19 vaccines among children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years? Findings &...

Decoding the Cytokine Storm in Sepsis Sepsis is a prominent cause of mortality in ICUs. Despite extensive research on the dynamics leading to sepsis, the role of cytokines—immune system molecules that can cause substantial harm to the body—has remained inadequately understood. While these proteins typically regulate inflammation, an overly aggressive immune response can result in a cytokine storm, leading to tissue damage, organ failure, and, ultimately, death. ...

SPECIAL ARTICLE Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Glycemic Control for Critically Ill Children and Adults 2024: Executive Summary Honarmand, Kimia; Sirimaturos, Michael; Hirshberg, Eliotte L.; et al Critical Care Medicine 52(4):p 649-655, April 2024. KEY RECOMMENDATIONS Adult Target Question: Should insulin infusion therapy be titrated to achieve INT glucose levels, 4.4–7.7 mmol/L (80–139 mg/dL) or CONV glucose levels, 7.8–11.1 mmol/L (1...