Original Investigation  January 24, 2024 EMS Treatment Guidelines in Major Traumatic Brain Injury With Positive Pressure Ventilation Joshua B. Gaither, Daniel W. Spaite, Bentley J. Bobrow, et al JAMA Surg. 2024;159(4):363-372. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.7155 Key Points Question  Did implementation of the prehospital traumatic brain injury (TBI) evidence-based guidelines impact survival among patients with ...

Research Letter  April 8, 2024 Cardiac Function Before Sepsis and Clinical Outcomes Stuthi Iyer, Jason N. Kennedy, Jacob C. Jentzer, et al JAMA. 2024;331(17):1496-1499. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3917 Between 2009 and 2014, 21% of US adults with sepsis did not survive.1 Guidelines recommend urgent resuscitation of patients with sepsis, although the ideal treatment regimen is not clear2 and challenges to...

Molecular Phenotypes to Advance Precision Care in ARDS In ICU Tue, 9 Apr 2024 The heterogeneity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has played a role in hindering successful pharmacotherapy in clinical trials. To address this, researchers have identified two molecular phenotypes of ARDS - hypoinflammatory and hyperinflammatory - through latent class analysis (LCA) applied to protein biomarkers and clinical data across various cohorts. These p...

Original Investigation  Less Is More March 4, 2024 Clinical Outcomes of Rapid Respiratory Virus Testing in Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Tilmann Schober, Kimberly Wong, Gaëlle DeLisle, et al JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(5):528-536. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0037 Key Points Question  Is rapid testing for respiratory viruses associated with patient treatment in the emerge...

Original Investigation  May 6, 2024 Associations of Internal Medicine Residency Milestone Ratings and Certification Examination Scores With Patient Outcomes Bradley M. Gray, Jonathan L. Vandergrift, Jennifer P. Stevens, et al JAMA. Published online May 6, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.5268 Key Points Question  Internal medicine residents’ competency is evaluated with milestone ratings and the Amer...

Invited Commentary  March 4, 2024 Enhancing Quality and Safety in Critical Care—Challenges and Strategies for Central Venous Catheters Elie A. Saade, Francis T. Lytle, Peter J. Pronovost JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(5):482-483. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8243 related articles icon  Related  Articles Central venous catheters (CVCs) are widely used in US critical care settings, providing essential functions such as medication ad...

Original Investigation  March 4, 2024 Complication Rates of Central Venous Catheters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Bijan Teja, Nicholas A. Bosch, Calvin Diep, et al JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(5):474-482. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8232 Key Points Question  What are the rates of complications from central venous catheter (CVC) use? Findings  This systematic review and meta-analysis...

Editor's Note  June 17, 2024 Skin Antisepsis to Prevent Surgical Site Infections: Implications for Global Surgery Anthony Charles, Preeti N. Malani JAMA. Published online June 17, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.9622 Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common health care–associated infection. Often preventable, SSIs are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality as well as prolonged hospitalizations and readmissions, and these i...

Original Investigation  June 17, 2024 Povidone Iodine vs Chlorhexidine Gluconate in Alcohol for Preoperative Skin Antisepsis: A Randomized Clinical Trial Andreas F. Widmer, Andrew Atkinson, Stefan P. Kuster, et al JAMA. Published online June 17, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8531 Key Points Question  Is preoperative skin antisepsis with povidone iodine in alcohol noninferior to chlorhexidine gluconate in alcohol to prevent surgical...

EDITORIAL Uncertain Answers — Proton-Pump Inhibition in the ICU Samuel M. Brown N Engl J Med Published June 14, 2024 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2405782 A critical care clinician’s job includes administering timely and tailored antibiotics, expediting appropriate surgery, supporting a patient’s beleaguered body and mind until they are ready to recover, and preventing complications in this vulnerable state. This is surprisingly strenuous work, even if it is often, app...