Research Letter  February 15, 2024 Prevalence of Immunosuppression Among US Adults Melissa L. Martinson, Jessica Lapham JAMA. Published online February 15, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.28019 The prevalence of immunosuppression from health conditions and medication use among US adults is often reported to be about 3%, which is based on an estimate of 2.7% from nationally representative data1 from 2013 and an estimate of 2.8% for the preval...

COMMENT|ONLINE FIRST Improved precision in defining the need for thromboprophylaxis during lower limb immobilisation Beverley J Hunt, Xavier L Griffin Lancet Published: February 15, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02613-2 Hospital-associated venous thromboembolism is defined as venous thromboembolism occurring during hospital admission and up to 90 days after discharge. It is the major cause of venous thromboembolism, accounting for over 50% ...

RESEARCH ARTICLE VOLUME 20, 100270, MARCH 2020 Clinical risk assessment model to predict venous thromboembolism risk after immobilization for lower-limb trauma Banne Nemeth, Delphine Douillet, Saskia le Cessie, et al EClinicalMedicine 2020; 20: 100270 Published: February 04, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100270 Abstract Background Patients with lower-limb trauma requiring immobilization have an increased risk of venous thromboembolis...

Temporal Trends in Mortality of Patients with Sepsis Sepsis, characterised by severe organ dysfunction, is a major cause of hospitalisation and mortality globally. The WHO recognises sepsis as a significant global health concern, urging efforts to enhance outcomes for affected individuals.  Despite no new targeted therapies emerging for sepsis in recent decades, advancements in ICU management, shifts in patient demographics, and improved supportive care pra...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Targeted prophylactic anticoagulation based on the TRiP(cast) score in patients with lower limb immobilisation: a multicentre, stepped wedge, randomised implementation trial Delphine Douillet, Andrea Penaloza, Damien Viglino, et al Lancet Published: February 15, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02369-3 Summary Background Prophylactic anticoagulation in emergency department patients with lower limb trauma requiring i...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Solar-powered O2 delivery for the treatment of children with hypoxaemia in Uganda: a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised controlled trial Nicholas Conradi, Robert O Opoka, Qaasim Mian, et al Lancet Published: February 14, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02502-3 Summary Background Supplemental O2 is not always available at health facilities in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Solar-powered O2delive...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Global disease burden of and risk factors for acute lower respiratory infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus in preterm infants and young children in 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated and individual participant data Xin Wang, You Li, Ting Shi, et al Lancet Published: February 14, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00138-7 Summary Background Infants and young children born prematurely ...

Original Investigation  February 13, 2024 Development and Validation of a Risk Score Predicting Death Without Transplant in Adult Heart Transplant Candidates Kevin C. Zhang, Nikhil Narang, Carine Jasseron, et al JAMA. 2024;331(6):500-509. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.27029 Key Points Question  Which medical urgency system identifies the adult US heart transplant candidates most likely to die without heart transplant? Findings &n...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cefepime–Taniborbactam in Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Florian M. Wagenlehner, Leanne B. Gasink, Paul C. McGovern, et al N Engl J Med 2024; 390:611-622DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2304748 Abstract BACKGROUND Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales species and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosaare global health threats. Cefepime–taniborbactam is an investigational β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combination with activity agains...

Original Investigation  February 13, 2024 Mass Azithromycin Distribution to Prevent Child Mortality in Burkina Faso: The CHAT Randomized Clinical Trial Catherine E. Oldenburg, Mamadou Ouattara, Mamadou Bountogo, et al JAMA. 2024;331(6):482-490. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.27393 Key Points Question  Does twice-annual mass azithromycin distribution prevent all-cause childhood mortality among children in Burkina Faso aged 1 to 59 months i...