Original Investigation  June 18, 2024 Variation in Postoperative Outcomes Across Federally Designated Hospital Star Ratings Adrian Diaz, Calista Harbaugh, Justin B. Dimick, et al JAMA Surg. Published online June 18, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.1582 Key Points Question  Is the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Hospital Star Rating system associated with a hospital’s surgical ...

Invited Commentary  Surgery June 18, 2024 The Future of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery—Precision vs Protocol Alison R. Althans, Jennifer Holder-Murray, Robert A. Tessler JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2418968. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.18968 Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is associated with shorter hospital length-of-stay and fewer complications, according to a robust meta-analysis and systematic review by Sauro and colleagues1...

Prompt Antimicrobial Therapy in Adults with Bacteraemia In ICU Thu, 30 May 2024 Bloodstream infections significantly impact morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs despite advancements in critical care and antimicrobial strategies. Prompt assessment and source control, as recommended by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, are important to improve outcomes for severe sepsis and septic shock patients. Timely source control is crucial for improving outcomes...

Original Investigation  Oncology June 18, 2024 Performance of Large Language Models on Medical Oncology Examination Questions Jack B. Longwell, Ian Hirsch, Fernando Binder, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2417641. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17641 Key Points Question  What medical oncology knowledge is encoded by large language models (LLMs)? Findings  In this cross-section...

Original Investigation  Surgery June 18, 2024 Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Guidelines and Hospital Length of Stay, Readmission, Complications, and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Khara M. Sauro, Christine Smith, Seremi Ibadin, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2417310. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17310 Key Points Question  Does the adoption of enhanced recovery...

US Preventive Services Task Force  Evidence Report June 18, 2024 Interventions for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force Elizabeth A. O’Connor, Corinne V. Evans, Michelle Henninger, et al JAMA. Published online June 18, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6739 Abstract Importance  Body mass index (BMI) of...

US Preventive Services Task Force  Recommendation Statement June 18, 2024 Interventions for High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement US Preventive Services Task Force JAMA. Published online June 18, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.11146 Abstract Importance  Approximately 19.7% of children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years in the US have a body mass index (BM...

Articles Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 GBD 2021 Lower Respiratory Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators Lancet Infect Dis Published: April 15, 2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00176-2 Summary Background Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) are a major g...

Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence for Delayed Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment In ICU Mon, 20 May 2024 Each year, over five million people worldwide suffer severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI), with predicting recovery being challenging due to various factors. Families often face the decision to continue or withdraw life-sustaining treatment (WLST), typically within 72 hours post-injury, often based on clinicians' prognosis. However, this decisi...

Research Antiplatelet therapy after coronary artery bypass surgery: five year follow-up of randomised DACAB trial Yunpeng Zhu, Wei Zhang, Arnaldo Dimagli, et al BMJ 2024; 385 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-075707 (Published 11 June 2024)Cite this as: BMJ 2024;385:e075707 Abstract Objective To assess the effect of different antiplatelet strategies on clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting. Design Five year follow-up of ra...