Low vs High Blood Pressure Targets in Critically Ill and Surgical Patients In ICU Thu, 25 Apr 2024 The treatment of critically ill and perioperative patients often involves targeting blood pressure as a cornerstone of haemodynamic management. Current guidelines suggest maintaining high blood pressure targets for these patients based on observational studies linking hypotensive events to adverse outcomes. However, these recommendations are not...

Original Investigation  May 20, 2024 Survival Benefit Associated With Participation in Clinical Trials of Anticancer Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Renata Iskander, Hannah Moyer, Karine Vigneault, et al JAMA. Published online May 20, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6281 Key Points Question  Is patient participation in cancer drug trials associated with longer survival? Findings ...

Editorial  May 19, 2024 When the Third Time Is Not the Charm—Trial Outcomes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Ana C. Zamora, Victor E. Ortega, Eva M. Carmona JAMA. Published online May 19, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8776 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease that inevitably results in respiratory failure and death within 3 to 5 years of diagnosis.1 No effective treatment for IPF existed until the appr...

Navigating the Implementation of AI in Intensive Care Medicine In ICU Mon, 22 Apr 2024 Intensive care medicine is recognised as a promising field for implementing artificial intelligence (AI) due to the abundance of data generated in intensive care units (ICUs). However, despite the potential benefits, there is a significant gap between developed AI models and their actual clinical use. Challenges include technological issues in data quality, ethical a...

ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Decompressive craniectomy plus best medical treatment versus best medical treatment alone for spontaneous severe deep supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage: a randomised controlled clinical trial Jürgen Beck, Christian Fung, Daniel Strbian, et al Lancet Published: May 15, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00702-5 Summary Background It is unknown whether decompressive craniectomy improves clinical outcome for peopl...

Original Investigation  May 19, 2024 Pamrevlumab for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The ZEPHYRUS-1 Randomized Clinical Trial Ganesh Raghu, Luca Richeldi, Evans R. Fernández Pérez, et al JAMA. Published online May 19, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8693 Key Points Question  Does the connective tissue growth factor inhibitor pamrevlumab decrease the rate of decline in lung function for patients wit...

Original Investigation  Nephrology May 13, 2024 Blood Pressure, Readmission, and Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized With Acute Kidney Injury Benjamin R. Griffin, Mary Vaughan-Sarrazin, Qianyi Shi, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e2410824. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10824 Key Points Question  Following an episode of acute kidney injury (AKI), what is the ideal blood pressure range,...

Research Letter  May 15, 2024 Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 vs Influenza in Fall-Winter 2023-2024 Yan Xie, Taeyoung Choi, Ziyad Al-Aly JAMA. Published online May 15, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.7395 In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, risk of death in people hospitalized for COVID-19 was substantially higher than in people hospitalized for seasonal influenza.1,2 The risk of death du...

English Proficiency and Sepsis Mortality Sepsis is a leading cause of hospital deaths. Despite initiatives like the Surviving Sepsis Campaign and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1), healthcare disparities persist. Previous studies revealed disparities in sepsis outcomes by age, sex, race, and ethnicity, but limited English proficiency (LEP) and its impact on sepsis outcomes have been understudied. ...

Ceftriaxone to Prevent Early VAP in Patients With Acute Brain Injury Patients with acute brain injury are at high risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The debate surrounding the benefit of short-term antibiotic prophylaxis in this population is a key aspect of the investigation. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a single early dose of the antibiotic ceftriaxone on the incidence of early VAP in patients with severe brain injury ...