Original Investigation  Pathology and Laboratory Medicine May 22, 2024 Use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Interpretation of Pathology Reports Eric Steimetz, Jeremy Minkowitz, Elmer C. Gabutan, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e2412767. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.12767 Key Points Question  Can artificial intelligence chatbots accurately simplify pathology reports so that patients can easily understand them? Find...

Dealing With Uncertainty in ICU Decision-Making: A Practical Guide In ICU Fri, 19 Apr 2024 When the stakes are high, and the path ahead is uncertain, the decisions made, especially if a patient continues to worsen, can be sources of self-torment and can haunt us for a long time. Our goal is to suggest ways to steer decision-making for intensivists in the face of uncertainty by proposing a clear, practical, stepwise approach through the creation of a new al...

Research Letter  April 24, 2024 Characteristics of X (Formerly Twitter) Community Notes Addressing COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation Matthew R. Allen, Nimit Desai, Aiden Namazi, et al JAMA. 2024;331(19):1670-1672. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4800 Social media can magnify health misinformation, especially about vaccination.1 Platform countermeasures have included censoring, shadowbanning (limiting distribution w...

Research Letter  April 22, 2024 Preoperative GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Risk of Postoperative Respiratory Complications Anjali A. Dixit, Brian T. Bateman, Mary T. Hawn, et al JAMA. 2024;331(19):1672-1673. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.5003 In June 2023, the American Society of Anesthesiologists issued guidelines recommending preoperative withholding of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs),1 ...

Original Investigation  April 22, 2024 Associations Between Surrogate Markers and Clinical Outcomes for Nononcologic Chronic Disease Treatments Joshua D. Wallach, Samuel Yoon, Harry Doernberg, et al JAMA. 2024;331(19):1646-1654. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4175 Key Points Question  What is the strength of association between surrogate markers used as primary end points in clinical trials to support Fo...

INSPIRE Trial: Improving Antibiotic Selection for Pneumonia In ICU Thu, 25 Apr 2024 Over 1.5 million adults are hospitalised in the U.S. each year due to pneumonia, with about half of them receiving unnecessary extended-spectrum antibiotics. This overuse contributes to the risk of antibiotic resistance and other adverse effects. Current strategies to improve antibiotic prescribing mainly focus on shortening the duration or de-escalating antib...

Original Investigation  April 25, 2024 Disparities in Mortality by Sexual Orientation in a Large, Prospective Cohort of Female Nurses Sarah McKetta, Tabor Hoatson, Landon D. Hughes, et al JAMA. 2024;331(19):1638-1645. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4459 Key Points Question  Do bisexual and lesbian women have higher risks of premature mortality than heterosexual women? Findings  Bisexual and ...

Editor's Note  May 20, 2024 Tracking Physical Activity One Step at a Time Cary P. Gross, Raegan W. Durant JAMA Intern Med. Published online May 20, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0898 Current physical activity guidelines recommend at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity physical activity or 75 minutes per week of vigorous activity. These time thresholds were based on studies using self-reported activity, which is prone to bi...

Original Investigation  April 24, 2024 Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Late Preterm Antenatal Corticosteroids: The ALPS Follow-Up Study Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Rebecca G. Clifton, Alan T. N. Tita, et al JAMA. 2024;331(19):1629-1637. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4303 Key Points Question  Is administration of antenatal corticosteroids to individuals at risk of late preterm delivery, originally shown ...

Original Investigation  May 20, 2024 Time- vs Step-Based Physical Activity Metrics for Health Rikuta Hamaya, Eric J. Shiroma Jr, Christopher C. Moore, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online May 20, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0892 Key Points Question  Should women in their 60s or older rely on a clock or step counter for monitoring their physical activity (PA) levels for health? ...