ORIGINAL ARTICLE Early Diagnosis and Treatment of COPD and Asthma — A Randomized, Controlled Trial Shawn D. Aaron, Katherine L. Vandemheen, G. Alex Whitmore, et al N Engl J Med 2024;390:2061-2073 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2401389 Abstract BACKGROUND Many persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma have not received a diagnosis, so their respiratory symptoms remain largely untreated. METHODS We used a case-finding method to ident...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient June 12, 2024 Prolonged vs Intermittent Infusions of β-Lactam Antibiotics in Adults With Sepsis or Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Mohd H. Abdul-Aziz, Naomi E. Hammond, Stephen J. Brett, et al JAMA. Published online June 12, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.9803 Key Points Question  Does the administration of β-lactam antibiotics by prolonged infusion...

Fluid and Vasopressor Decisions in Early Sepsis Management In Sepsis Tue, 30 Apr 2024 A recent study investigates the clinical factors influencing clinician decisions regarding fluid administration, vasopressor initiation, and vasopressor route in early sepsis. Previous concerns about fluid overload in sepsis have prompted interest in early vasopressor initiation, especially through peripheral IVs, as an alternative to central lines. While cl...

Original Investigation  April 29, 2024 Aspirin vs Placebo as Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer: The Alliance A011502 Randomized Trial Wendy Y. Chen, Karla V. Ballman, Ann H. Partridge, et al JAMA. Published online April 29, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.4840 Key Points Question  Does aspirin at 300 mg/d improve invasive disease–free survival among survivors of nonmetastatic breast cancer? Find...

Original Investigation  Caring for the Critically Ill Patient June 12, 2024 Continuous vs Intermittent β-Lactam Antibiotic Infusions in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: The BLING III Randomized Clinical Trial Joel M. Dulhunty, Stephen J. Brett, Jan J. De Waele, et al JAMA. Published online June 12, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.9779 Key Points Question  Is there a difference in mortality between continuous and intermittent i...

Original Investigation  Emergency Medicine April 26, 2024 Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Before and After Legislation for Bystander CPR Siwen Li, Chongzhen Qin, Hongjuan Zhang, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e247909. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.7909 Key Points Question  Is the implementation of legislation associated with increased bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation ...

ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) LATEST ARTICLES OriginalA randomised controlled trial of a nurse facilitator to promote communication for family members of critically ill patientsKentish-Barnes N. et al A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of post-intensive care multidisciplinary consultations on mortality and the quality of life at 1 yearSharshar T. et al EditorialPromoting optimal physical rehabilitation in ICUEggmann S., Tavares Timenetsk...

Research Letter  April 1, 2024 Clinical Reasoning of a Generative Artificial Intelligence Model Compared With Physicians Stephanie Cabral, Daniel Restrepo, Zahir Kanjee, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online April 1, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0295 Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in clinical reasoning, but their ability to synthesize clinical encounter data into problem representa...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE A Randomized Trial of Intravenous Amino Acids for Kidney Protection Giovanni Landoni, Fabrizio Monaco, Lian Kah Ti, et al N Engl J Med Published June 12, 2024 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2403769 Abstract BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and common complication of cardiac surgery, for which reduced kidney perfusion is a key contributing factor. Intravenous amino acids increase kidney perfusion and recruit renal functional reser...

Original Investigation  Statistics and Research Methods April 26, 2024 Digital Health Interventions and Patient Safety in Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Artem Grygorian, Diego Montano, Mahdieh Shojaa, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(4):e248555. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8555 Key Points Question  Can perioperative telemedicine reduce the incidence of adverse event...