Original Investigation  Pediatrics May 6, 2024 Whole-Body Hypothermia vs Targeted Normothermia for Neonates With Mild Encephalopathy: A Multicenter Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial Paolo Montaldo, Mario Cirillo, Constance Burgod, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e249119. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9119 Key Points Question  Does whole-body hypothermia initiated within 6 hours of birth and ...

Modification in ICU Design May Affect Delirium In ICU Tue, 9 Apr 2024 Delirium is a common psychiatric syndrome in critically ill patients, associated with high mortality rates and long-term cognitive decline. Recent trials on medication-based treatments have not shown significant benefits, leading to a shift towards nonpharmacologic approaches.  The Society of Critical Care Medicine recommends comprehensive interventions, including reorientati...

Original Investigation  Emergency Medicine May 7, 2024 Use of a Large Language Model to Assess Clinical Acuity of Adults in the Emergency Department Christopher Y. K. Williams, Travis Zack, Brenda Y. Miao, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e248895. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8895 Key Points Question  Can a large language model (LLM) accurately assess clinical acuity in the emergency depar...

Original Investigation  Pediatrics May 10, 2024 Respiratory Support Practices for Bronchiolitis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Jonathan H. Pelletier, Danielle E, Maholtz, Claire M. Hanson, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e2410746. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10746 Key Points Question  Are changes in high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) use associated wit...

Invited Commentary  January 24, 2024 Guideline Implementation Is Improving Trauma Care in the Wild, Wild West Jeffrey K. Jopling, Lisa M. Kodadek, Elliott R. Haut JAMA Surg. 2024;159(4):372-373. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.7154 Acore tenet in the care of patients with brain injury is prevention of secondary brain injury. In the immediate postinjury period, the patient’s physiology must be carefully managed to adequately perfuse and oxygenate the brain. M...

Early Systemic Insults Following Traumatic Brain Injury In ICU Tue, 9 Apr 2024 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability globally, with outcomes heavily influenced by both the severity of the initial injury and subsequent secondary injury mechanisms. Systemic insults (SIs), such as hypoxaemia and hypotension, can worsen outcomes by exacerbating the cascade of events following the initial damage. Previous studies have high...

Original Investigation  Cardiology May 10, 2024 Risk Assessment Models for Venous Thromboembolism in Medical Inpatients Emmanuel Häfliger, Basil Kopp; Pauline Darbellay Farhoumand, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e249980. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9980 Key Points Question  What is the prognostic performance of the simplified Geneva score and other validated risk assessment models (RAMs...

Editor's Note  March 4, 2024 Judicious Use of Rapid Viral Tests in Emergency Departments Lona Mody JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(5):537. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0044 Acute viral illnesses are common, pervasive, and burdensome to patients, families, and health care systems.1Patients often present to emergency departments (EDs), which is followed by extensive diagnostic investigations, such as blood tests, cultures, chest radiography, and computed tom...

Original Investigation  January 24, 2024 EMS Treatment Guidelines in Major Traumatic Brain Injury With Positive Pressure Ventilation Joshua B. Gaither, Daniel W. Spaite, Bentley J. Bobrow, et al JAMA Surg. 2024;159(4):363-372. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.7155 Key Points Question  Did implementation of the prehospital traumatic brain injury (TBI) evidence-based guidelines impact survival among patients with ...

Research Letter  April 8, 2024 Cardiac Function Before Sepsis and Clinical Outcomes Stuthi Iyer, Jason N. Kennedy, Jacob C. Jentzer, et al JAMA. 2024;331(17):1496-1499. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.3917 Between 2009 and 2014, 21% of US adults with sepsis did not survive.1 Guidelines recommend urgent resuscitation of patients with sepsis, although the ideal treatment regimen is not clear2 and challenges to...