English Proficiency and Sepsis Mortality Sepsis is a leading cause of hospital deaths. Despite initiatives like the Surviving Sepsis Campaign and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1), healthcare disparities persist. Previous studies revealed disparities in sepsis outcomes by age, sex, race, and ethnicity, but limited English proficiency (LEP) and its impact on sepsis outcomes have been understudied. ...

Ceftriaxone to Prevent Early VAP in Patients With Acute Brain Injury Patients with acute brain injury are at high risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The debate surrounding the benefit of short-term antibiotic prophylaxis in this population is a key aspect of the investigation. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a single early dose of the antibiotic ceftriaxone on the incidence of early VAP in patients with severe brain injury ...

Research Letter  Health Policy May 16, 2024 Trends in Industry-Sponsored Research Payments to Physician Principal Investigators Zhuo T. Su, Zeyad Hammadeh, Joseph G. Cheaib, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e2412432. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.12432 Introduction After passage of the Physician Payments Sunshine Act (PPSA), the Open Payments program (OPP) was launched in 2013 to increase transpar...

SCCM Guidelines on Glycaemic Control for Critically Ill Children and Adults 2024 In ICU Wed, 17 Apr 2024 Hyperglycaemia is common in critically ill patients and can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. While intensive insulin therapy (INT) has shown benefits in specific research settings, achieving them in clinical practice without risking hypoglycaemia is challenging. Current consensus guidelines recommend targeting moderate or conventional gluc...

Original Investigation  Oncology May 17, 2024 Travel-Time Disparities in Access to Proton Beam Therapy for Cancer Treatment Todd Burus, Alexander D. VanHelene, Michael K. Rooney, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(5):e2410670. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10670 Key Points Question  Do certain US populations have inequitable drive-time access to proton beam therapy for cancer treatment? Findi...

Research Letter  Artificial Intelligence and Pediatric Care April 29, 2024 Identification of Human-Generated vs AI-Generated Research Abstracts by Health Care Professionals Dennis Ren, Andrew James Tagg, Helena Wilcox, et al JAMA Pediatr. Published online April 29, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.0760 Health care professionals submit and review abstracts for academic conferences. As artificial intel...

Editorial  May 13, 2024 Can Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Be Improved in the 21st Century? Thomas A. Gaziano, J. Michael Gaziano JAMA. Published online May 13, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.7644 Cardiovascular risk assessment has become an essential part of preventive strategies designed to target risk factor interventions and has contributed to dramatic reductions in cardiovascular disease mortality during the past 60 years in the US and othe...

Artificial Intelligence in Critical Care: Opportunities and Obstacles In ICU Wed, 17 Apr 2024 The increasing availability of complex health data, coupled with advancing computational capabilities, offers an opportunity to define health and disease states with greater clarity and efficiency. This potential extends to real-time diagnosis and patient management. Due to its time-critical nature, the ICU presents unique challenges in creating effective mode...

Original Investigation  May 13, 2024 Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular Biomarkers in the Population Johannes Tobias Neumann, Raphael Twerenbold, Jessica Weimann, et al JAMA. Published online May 13, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.5596 Key Points Question  What is the value of cardiovascular biomarkers when added to established risk factors to predict incident cardiovascular events in the populatio...

Research Letter  May 6, 2024 Substances in Counterfeit Prescription Pills Seized by Law Enforcement, 2017-2022 Rachel S. Wightman, Thomas Chadronet, Bryan Volpe, et al JAMA. Published online May 6, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6161 Counterfeit prescription pills are designed to replicate legitimate pharmaceutical pills in appearance and pharmacologic effects. However, the pharmacology of the active ingredient...