Original Investigation  June 3, 2024 Jinlida for Diabetes Prevention in Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Multiple Metabolic Abnormalities: The FOCUS Randomized Clinical Trial Hangyu Ji, Xuefei Zhao, Xinyan Chen, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online June 3, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.1190 Key Points Question  Can long-term use of Jinlida granules (JLD) reduce the incidence of diabetes ...

Original Investigation  June 5, 2024 Large Language Model Capabilities in Perioperative Risk Prediction and Prognostication Philip Chung, Christine T. Fong, Andrew M. Walters, et al JAMA Surg. Published online June 5, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.1621 Key Points Question  Can a large language model perform risk stratification and predict postoperative outcome measures using a description of t...

Original Investigation  April 15, 2024 Acute Cardiac Events in Hospitalized Older Adults With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Rebecca C. Woodruff, Michael Melgar, Huong Pham, et al JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(6):602-611. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0212 Key Points Question  What are the frequency and severity of acute cardiac events among hospitalized adults aged 50 years or older with laboratory-c...

SOUNDING BOARD FROM THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICINE Long Covid Defined E. Wesley Ely, Lisa M. Brown, Harvey V. Fineberg., for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Committee on Examining the Working Definition for Long Covid N Engl J Med Published July 31, 2024 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsb2408466 The Covid-19 pandemic has been perceived mainly as a dangerous acute outbreak of infection that killed more ...

Original Investigation  June 7, 2024 Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and Symptoms in Adults With Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The STOP-PASC Randomized Clinical Trial Linda N. Geng, Hector Bonilla, Haley Hedlin, et al JAMA Intern Med. Published online June 7, 2024. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.2007 Key Points Question  What is the efficacy of 15 days of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for improvin...

US Preventive Services Task Force  Recommendation Statement June 4, 2024 Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement US Preventive Services Task Force JAMA. 2024;332(1):51-57. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.8481 Abstract Importance  Falls are the leading cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality among older adults in the US. In 2018, 27.5% of com...

Invited Commentary  Pediatrics June 5, 2024 The Quest for Evidence on Time to Antibiotics in Children With Sepsis—Finding the Sweet Spot Nora Luethi, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Philipp Baumann JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2413926. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.13926 Timely recognition and management of sepsis in children remains a major challenge in pediatric emergency care, where most patients with sepsis present. Avoiding delays in antimicro...

Adaptive Platform Trials in Critical Care In ICU Tue, 5 Mar 2024 Over the last fifty years, randomised clinical trials have advanced medical practice, particularly in critical care. These trials offer the most rigorous means of determining treatment effects, allowing for evaluating new and established medical interventions within ICUs. Despite their profound impact, clinical trials are challenging endeavours. They are costly, time-consuming, and com...

Original Investigation  Nutrition, Obesity, and Exercise June 5, 2024 Body Roundness Index and All-Cause Mortality Among US Adults Xiaoqian Zhang, Ning Ma, Qiushi Lin, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2415051. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15051 Key Points Question  What are the temporal trends of body roundness index (BRI) and its association with all-cause mortality among US adults? F...

Viewpoint  June 5, 2024 Failure to Rescue as a Quality Measure in Sepsis Stephanie Parks Taylor, Marc Kowalkowski JAMA. Published online June 5, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.6771 Successful initiatives like the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, with a focus on early diagnosis and treatment, have resulted in significant improvements in mortality for patients with sepsis. However, sepsis remains the leading cause of death and disability, present in 53%...