Research Electronic health record alerts for acute kidney injury: multicenter, randomized clinical trial  Perry Wilson, Melissa Martin, Yu Yamamoto, et al BMJ 2021; 372 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m4786 (Published 18 January 2021)Cite this as: BMJ 2021;372:m4786 Abstract Objective To determine whether electronic health record alerts for acute kidney injury would improve patient outcomes of mortality, dialysis, and progression of acute kidney injur...

Research Letter  Regulatory and Clinical Outcomes of Nononcology Accelerated Approvals Ian T. T. Liu, Gemma Reynolds, Aaron S. Kesselheim, et al JAMA 2025;334;(13):1194-1196. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.10726 The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accelerated approval pathway expedites drug approvals based on changes to surrogate or intermediate measures only “reasonably likely” to predict clinical benefit. Therapies grante...

Predicting ED Stay and Disposition with Interpretable ML  In ICU Sun, 6 Jul 2025 Emergency departments (EDs) face increasing challenges related to patient flow, overcrowding and resource allocation. Predicting key outcomes such as patient length of stay (LOS) and disposition decision (DD) can significantly improve operational efficiency. However, existing machine learning (ML) models often lack transparency and transferability, limiting their broa...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Impact of Artificial Intelligence–Based Triage Decision Support on Emergency Department Care R. Andrew Taylor, Chris Chmura, Jeremiah Hinson, et al Published February 27, 2025 NEJM AI 2025;2(3) DOI: 10.1056/AIoa2400296 Abstract BACKGROUND Emergency department (ED) triage methods are limited in their ability to risk-stratify patients and identify critical illnesses. Our objective was to examine t...

EDITORIAL Time to Reconsider Mucoactive Agents for Airway Clearance John Hansen-Flaschen, Gregory Tino N Engl J Med Published September 28, 2025 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2512146 Bronchiectasis is characterized by multifocal airway dilatation and wall thickening observed on computed tomography of the chest and is commonly accompanied by persistent or recurrent infection of the airways.1 Bronchiectasis is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis and often overlaps with as...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Association of 2024–2025 Covid-19 Vaccine with Covid-19 Outcomes in U.S. Veterans Miao Cai, Yan Xie, Ziyad Al-Aly N Engl J Med Published October 8, 2025 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2510226 Abstract BACKGROUND Amid the declining clinical severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and diminishing public uptake of annual coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccines, contemporary evidence on vaccine effecti...

Research Letter  Revisiting Minimum Case Volume Recommendations for Complex Surgery in Contemporary Practice Akash Kartik, Zhi Ven Fong, Chee-Chee Stucky, et al JAMA Published Online: October 8, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.17274 The volume-outcome relationship informs policies guiding complex cancer surgery—historically, higher case volumes were associated with better postoperative mortality.1 Consequen...

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Bridging Global Disparities In ICU Wed, 9 Jul 2025 Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent hospital-acquired infection in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) globally. It affects up to 40% of ventilated patients, with mortality rates up to 50% for all-cause mortality and 13% for direct VAP-related mortality. VAP significantly increases hospital length of stay, diagnostic testing, ...

Invited Commentary  Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Variceal Hemorrhage—Time to Stop? Catherine Mezzacappa, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao JAMA Intern Med 2025;185;(10):1204-1205. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.3841 In their systematic review and bayesian meta-analysis published in this issue of JAMA Internal Medicine, Prosty et al1 assess the evidence supporting the universally recommended practice of administering prophylactic broad-spectrum antibiotics to patients wi...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Hypertonic Saline or Carbocisteine in Bronchiectasis Judy M. Bradley, Brenda O’Neill, Daniel F. McAuley, et al N Engl J Med Published September 28, 2025 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2510095 Abstract BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis guidelines are inconsistent with regard to the effectiveness of mucoactive agents, and their use varies geographically. Large trials are needed to assess safety and effectiveness. METHODS For this open-label, randomiz...