Original Investigation  Public Health July 10, 2024 Feedback and Financial Incentives for Reducing Cell Phone Use While Driving: A Randomized Clinical Trial M. Kit Delgado, Jeffrey P. Ebert, Ruiying A. Xiong, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(7):e2420218. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.20218 Key Points Question  Can behavioral interventions decrease handheld cell phone–based driver distraction? ...

Arterial Partial Oxygen Pressure and Mortality in Sepsis Patients In Sepsis Tue, 4 Jun 2024 Sepsis is a severe condition characterised by organ dysfunction due to impaired oxygen delivery and utilisation by cells. In ICUs, oxygen is often administered to sepsis patients, especially those with sepsis-induced hypoxaemic respiratory failure. Traditionally, the goal is to maintain a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) around 60 mm Hg, where...

Invited Commentary  Infectious Diseases July 2, 2024 Optimizing the Value of β-Lactam Antibiotics Through Extended Infusion Miranda So JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(7):e2418196. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.18196 In the decade since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared antimicrobial resistance (AMR) a global health threat—the so-called postantibiotic era when common infections would be life-threatening and when routine surgcal procedu...

Original Investigation  April 24, 2024 Incisional Wound Irrigation for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis Hannah Groenen, Nathan Bontekoning, Hasti Jalalzadeh, et al JAMA Surg. 2024;159(7):792-800. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.0775 Key Points Question  What are the outcomes of different types of prophylactic intraoperative incisional wound irrigation solu...

Original Investigation  Public Health June 6, 2024 Physician Specialty Differences in Unprofessional Behaviors Observed and Reported by Coworkers William O. Cooper, Gerald B. Hickson, Roger R. Dmochowski, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(6):e2415331. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.15331 Key Points Question  Are there differences by specialty in the proportion of physicians who are identified in...

ESICM/NACCS Recommendations: Targeted Temperature Control Following TBI In ICU Wed, 22 May 2024 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a highly prevalent global health issue, causing significant mortality and disability. It results from external forces affecting brain function or structure. TBI involves primary damage from the initial impact, followed by secondary injury processes such as ischaemia, swelling, and metabolic changes, which worsen outc...

Original Investigation  May 8, 2024 Collaborative Care for Injured Older Adults: The Trauma Medical Home Randomized Clinical Trial Ben L. Zarzaur, Emma Holler, Damaris Ortiz, et al JAMA Surg. 2024;159(7):756-764. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2024.1043 Key Points Question  Does a novel collaborative care intervention improve long-term outcomes in injured patients 50 years and older? Findings  In this randomized clinical trial including...

Viewpoint  May 20, 2024 Are Patients With Cancer Best Managed in a Clinical Trial? David I. Shalowitz, Franklin G. Miller JAMA. 2024;331(24):2077-2078. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.1235 Tremendous improvement in the care of patients with cancer is largely due to the proliferation of well-designed clinical trials leading to therapeutic advances. Additionally, the results of interventional cancer research have facilitated the development of robust, ev...

Cell-Based Immunotherapies for Sepsis In Sepsis Thu, 16 May 2024 Sepsis affects approximately 49 million people worldwide each year. To reduce the mortality rate and the global burden of sepsis, the World Health Organization has classified it as a priority research area. When combined with surgical trauma, anaesthetic drugs, and various invasive procedures, the impact intensifies, leading to further impairment of vita...

Original Investigation  Infectious Diseases July 2, 2024 Extended-Infusion β-Lactam Therapy, Mortality, and Subsequent Antibiotic Resistance Among Hospitalized Adults With Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections Sara M. Karaba, Sara E. Cosgrove, Jae Hyoung Lee, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(7):e2418234. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.18234 Key Points Question  Is extended-infusion β-lactam (EI-...