ARTICLES|ONLINE FIRST Cluster analysis of blood biomarkers to identify molecular patterns in pulmonary fibrosis: assessment of a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort with independent validation Hernan P Fainberg, Yuben Moodley, Isaac Triguero, et al Lancet Respir Med Published: July 15, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00147-4 Summary Background Pulmonary fibrosis results from alveolar injury, leading to extracellular matrix re...

Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Long-COVID In ICU Sun, 9 Jun 2024 In a recent clinical trial, a 15-day course of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir targeting SARS-CoV-2 was found to be safe as an extended-duration treatment. However, it did not alleviate specific symptoms of long COVID. These findings are published in JAMA Internal Medicine. The combination of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is approved by the FDA for treating acute COVID-19 in newly infected adults, with mi...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 24, ISSUE 8, P856-867, AUGUST 2024 Carbapenem use in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales infections in US hospitals and influence of IDSA guidance: a retrospective cohort study Morgan K Walker, Guoqing Diao, Sarah Warner, et al Lancet Infect Dis 2024; 24: 856-867 Published: April 25, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00149-X Summary Background Disparate and rapidly changing practice recommendations fro...

ARTICLES| VOLUME 11, ISSUE 8, E567-E579, AUGUST 2024 Efficacy and safety of sovleplenib (HMPL-523) in adult patients with chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia in China (ESLIM-01): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study Yu Hu, Xiaofan Liu, Hu Zhou, et al Lancet Hematol 2024; 11: E567-E579 Published:June 14, 2024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(24)00139-X Summary Background Sovleplenib, a novel spleen tyrosine kinase (SY...

Original Investigation  Neurology August 2, 2024 Global Case Fatality of Bacterial Meningitis During an 80-Year Period: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Cornelis N. van Ettekoven, Fabian D. Liechti, Matthijs C. Brouwer, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424802. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24802 Key Points Question  What is the case fatality ratio (CFR) of bacterial meningitis and ho...

VV-ECMO, Prone Position and Supine MV for Hypoxaemic ARDS In ICU Tue, 11 Jun 2024 Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with PaO2/FiO2 < 80 mmHg is life-threatening, and its optimal management strategy is unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of low tidal volumes (Vt), moderate Vt, prone ventilation, and venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) on mortality in severe ARDS. Study researchers conducted...

Original Investigation  Surgery August 2, 2024 Comparison of Medical Research Abstracts Written by Surgical Trainees and Senior Surgeons or Generated by Large Language Models Alexis M. Holland, William R. Lorenz, Jack C. Cavanagh, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425373. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25373 Key Points Question  Can large language models generate convincing medical research...

ONLINE FIRST (FREE ACCESS) LATEST ARTICLES OPEN ACCESS ~ OriginalTwenty percent human albumin solution fluid bolus administration therapy in patients after cardiac surgery-II: a multicentre randomised controlled trialWigmore G. J. et al Lower or higher oxygenation targets in the intensive care unit: an individual patient data meta-analysis Mølgaard Nielsen F. et al EditorialThe limitations of evidence-based medicine compel the practice of personalized ...

Original Investigation  Surgery August 2, 2024 Surgical Repair vs Splenectomy in Patients With Severe Traumatic Spleen Injuries Dominik A. Jakob, Martin Müller, Apostolos Kolitsas, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425300. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25300 Key Points Question  Is splenic repair associated with better outcomes compared with splenectomy in patients with traumatic splenic i...

LLM Capabilities in Perioperative Risk Prediction, Prognostication In ICU Tue, 11 Jun 2024 General-domain large language models may perform risk stratification and predict postoperative outcome measures using procedure descriptions and a patient's electronic health record notes. A recent study examined the predictive performance of a model on eight tasks: prediction of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS), hospital admissio...