Editorial  September 16, 2024 Noninvasive Ventilation in COPD—Pressure Matters Wolfram Windisch, Sarah Bettina Stanzel, Christian Karagiannidis JAMA. Published online September 16, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0811 High-intensity noninvasive ventilation was first used more than 20 years ago in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic hypercapnia.1-3 High-intensity noninvasive ven...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Ziresovir in Hospitalized Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Shunying Zhao, Yunxiao Shang, Yong Yin, et al N Engl J Med 2024;391:1096-1107 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2313551 Abstract BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe illness in infants, with no effective treatment. Results of a phase 2 trial suggested that ziresovir may have efficacy in the treatment of infants hospitalized with RSV infe...

Malnutrition in the Sick and Elderly In ICU Wed, 17 Jul 2024 A review article by researchers from Uppsala University and the University of Gothenburg, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, underscores that up to half of hospitalised patients and those in healthcare facilities suffer from malnutrition. This has significant implications, including unnecessary suffering, decreased quality of life, and increased mortality, particularly for elde...

Original Investigation  Surgery September 20, 2024 Costs of Transfer From Nontrauma to Trauma Centers Among Patients With Minor Injuries Bourke W. Tillmann, Avery B. Nathens, Matthew P. Guttman, et al JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(9):e2434172. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.34172 Key Points Question  What are the health care costs associated with the transfer of patients with minor injuries from n...

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Long-Term Oxygen Therapy for 24 or 15 Hours per Day in Severe Hypoxemia Magnus Ekström, Anders Andersson, Savvas Papadopoulos, et al N Engl J Med 2024;391:977-988 Abstract BACKGROUND Long-term oxygen supplementation for at least 15 hours per day prolongs survival among patients with severe hypoxemia. On the basis of a nonrandomized comparison, long-term oxygen therapy has been recommended to be used for 24 hours per day, a more burdensom...

Impact of Family Support Intervention on Costs, Readmissions in Patients at Risk of Death In ICU Tue, 9 Jul 2024 Approximately 500,000 Americans die annually following admission to an ICU, often lacking decision-making capacity due to advanced illness or medications. Clinicians rely on surrogate decision-makers for care decisions, but communication breakdowns are common, making the process emotionally difficult for surrogates. This often leads to patie...

Original Investigation  September 16, 2024 Effect of High-Intensity vs Low-Intensity Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Need for Endotracheal Intubation in Patients With an Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The HAPPEN Randomized Clinical Trial Zujin Luo, Yichong Li, Wenjun Li, et al JAMA. Published online September 16, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.15815 Key Points Q...

COMMENTVolume 404, Issue 10457P992-993September 14, 2024 Optimal patient and mechanical circulatory support device selection in acute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock Jacob C Jentzer, Benjamin Hibbert Lancet 2024; 404: 992-993 Temporary mechanical circulatory support (TMCS) has been used in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock (AMICS) since the introduction of passive intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation more than 50 yea...

Effect of laughter exercise versus 0.1% sodium hyaluronic acid on ocular surface discomfort in dry eye disease: non-inferiority randomised controlled trial Jing Li, Yinglin Liao, Shi-Yao Zhang, et al BMJ 2024; 386 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2024-080474 (Published 11 September 2024)Cite this as: BMJ 2024;386:e080474 Abstract Objective To assess efficacy and safety of laughter exercise in patients with symptomatic dry eye disease. Design Non-i...

Original Investigation  August 30, 2024 Continuation vs Discontinuation of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors Before Major Noncardiac Surgery: The Stop-or-Not Randomized Clinical Trial Matthieu Legrand, Jérémy Falcone, Bernard Cholley, et al JAMA. Published online August 30, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.17123 Key Points Question  Is a continuation strategy of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors ...