JOURNAL ARTICLE Plasma Microbial Cell-free DNA Metagenomic Sequencing for Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases Among High-risk Outpatient and Inpatient Immunocompromised Hosts Beatrice Z Sim, Jordan K Mah, Madeleine R Heldman, et al Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 81, Issue 5, 15 November 2025, Pages 1008–1014, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf170 Abstract Background New and minimally invasive tools to aid the diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases (...

Research Letter  Health Informatics Emoji Use in the Electronic Health Record David A. Hanauer, Gavin C. Raab, Shira N. Hanauer, et al JAMA Netw Open 2026;9;(1):e2553770. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.53770 Introduction Emojis are small digital images that visually express emotions, ideas, or concepts. Their use has been reported in health care settings, such as texting between clinicians,1 but we are unaware of...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Generative Artificial Intelligence–based Surveillance for Avian Influenza Across a Statewide Healthcare System Katherine E Goodman, Seyed M Shams, Laurence S Magder, et al  Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 81, Issue 5, 15 November 2025, Pages 900–903, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf369 Abstract Among all 2024 emergency department visits for acute respiratory illness or conjunctivitis across a statewide healthcare sys...

Bedside Monitoring of Respiratory Effort in Patients Undergoing Assisted Mechanical Ventilation In ICU Tue, 14 Oct 2025 ICU Management & Practice, Volume 25 - Issue 4, 2025 This review explores bedside methods for monitoring respiratory effort in patients undergoing assisted mechanical ventilation. It highlights the risks of lung and diaphragm injury from excessive or insufficient patient effort, reviews invasive and non-invasive pressure-based tech...

JOURNAL ARTICLE Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Bacteremia in Argentina (EMBARCAR): Findings From a Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study Juan Pablo Balbuena, Ezequiel Cordova, Analia Mykietiuk, et al Clin Infect Dis Volume 81, Issue 5, 15 November 2025, Pages 879–888, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf259 Abstract Background Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are diffi...

Original Investigation  Association of VA Surgeons Expectations vs Reality of an Intraoperative Artificial Intelligence Intervention Melissa Thornton, Benjamin A. Y. Cher, Cameron Macdonald, et al JAMA Surg Published Online: January 14, 2026 doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6029 Key Points Question  How can we develop a more effective approach for implementing artificial intelligence (AI)–based int...

Perspective  The 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Dariush Mozaffarian JAMA Published Online: January 14, 2026 doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.0283 On January 7, 2026, the US Department of Health and Human Services and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) released the 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs),1 which by law are revised every 5 years. Interest in this update has been heightened by the Trump administra...

Original Investigation  Perioperative Use of Tranexamic Acid in General Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Lucas Monteiro Delgado; Bernardo Fontel Pompeu; Gabriel Henrique Acedo Martins, et al JAMA Surg Published Online: December 17, 2025 doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.5498 Key Points Question  Is prophylactic tranexamic acid associated with reduced blood loss in adult patients undergoing gen...

Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics and Inspiratory Effort During Spontaneous Breathing Trials to Predict Extubation Failure in High-Risk Patients Francesco Murgolo,  Savino Spadaro,  Domenico L. Grieco, et al Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2026; 211: 2340-2351 Abstract Rationale: Conventional parameters to determine the success of spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) may fail to detect impending respiratory distress. Objectives: To ...

EDITORIAL Large Language Models as Item Writer: Innovation or Limitation? Are We Ready to Hand Over the Pen? Abdullah Alismail Chest 2025; 168: 1286-1287 The use of large language models and artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education has recently increased, not only among students, but also among faculty. Students use these tools to enhance their learning ability and comprehension of the subject, and faculty cite other reasons such as assisting them wit...